Risk of Sediment Erosion and Suspension in Turbulent Flows
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 127, Issue 3
Abstract
It is shown how some basic probability tools may help in the characterization of the turbulent processes involved in the mechanics of sediment transport. Both the initiation of sediment motion and the threshold for sediment suspension are analyzed in a stochastic frame of work. Isorisk curves are constructed based upon some minimum experimental information. The well-known Shields' curve is shown to correspond to an erosion risk of approximately 40%. These concepts are believed to be of importance for the design of movable-bed channels as well as for future experimental investigations, which are indeed necessary for computing the risk for higher values of the particle Reynolds number. Finally, an approximate methodology is proposed for computing the risk of erosion.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Abramowitz, M., and Stegun, I. A. ( 1965). Handbook of mathematical functions, Dover, New York.
2.
ASCE Task Committee on Preparation of Sedimentation Manual. (1966). “Sediment transportation mechanics: Initiation of motion.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 92(2), 291–314.
3.
Brownlie, W. R. ( 1981). “Prediction of flow depth and sediment discharge in open channel flows.” Rep. No. KH-R-34A, Keck Lab. of Hydr. and Water Resour., California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.
4.
Buffington, J. M. (1999). “The legend of A. F. Shields.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 125(4), 376–387.
5.
Chow, V. T., Maidment, D. R., and Mays, L. W. ( 1988). Applied hydrology, McGraw-Hill, New York.
6.
Christensen, B. A. ( 1981). “On the risk of erosion of cohesionless sea floors.” Proc., Oc. '81, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Vol. 2, New York.
7.
Eckelman, H. ( 1974). “The structure of the viscous sublayer and the adjacent wall region in a turbulent channel flow.” J. Fluid Mech., Cambridge, U.K., 65, 439–459.
8.
Garcia, M. H. (2000). “Discussion of `The legend of A. F. Shields,' by J. M. Buffington.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 126(9), 718–720.
9.
Garcia, M., and Parker, G. (1991). “Entrainment of bed sediment into suspension.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 117(4), 414–435.
10.
Garcia, M. H., Lopez, F., and Nino, Y. ( 1995). “Characterization of near-bed coherent structures in turbulent open channel flow using synchronized high-speed video and hot-film measurements.” Exp. in Fluids, 19, 16–28.
11.
Garcia, M. H., Nino, Y., and Lopez, F. ( 1996). “Chapter 3: Laboratory observations of particle entrainment into suspension by turbulent bursting.” Coherent flow structures in open channels, Wiley, New York.
12.
Graf, W. H., and Pazis, G. C. (1977). “Les phenomenes de deposition et d'erosion dans un canal alluvionnaire.”J. Hydr. Res., Delft, The Netherlands, 15, 151–165.
13.
Grass, A. J. (1970). “Initial instability of fine bed sand.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 96(3), 619–632.
14.
Kim, J., Moin, P., and Moser, R. ( 1987). “Turbulence statistics in fully developed channel flow at low Reynolds number.” J. Fluid Mech., Cambridge, U.K., 177, 133–152.
15.
Lavelle, W. J., and Mofjeld, H. O. (1987). “Do critical stresses for incipient motion and erosion really exist?”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 113(3), 370–385.
16.
Lopez, F. ( 1994). “Near-wall turbulent coherent structures and their role on sediment transport in smooth-bed open channel flows.” Ms thesis, Hydrosys. Lab., University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Ill.
17.
Lopez, F., and Garcia, M. H. ( 1996). “On the relationship between net momentum fluxes and wall-normal velocity fluctuations.” Proc., 11th Engrg. Mech. Conf., Y. K. Lin and T. C. Su, eds., ASCE, New York, 661–664.
18.
Lopez, F., and Garcia, M. H. (1999). “Wall similarity in turbulent open-channel flow.”J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 127(7), 789–796.
19.
Nezu, I., and Nakagawa, H. ( 1993). Turbulence in open-channel flows, IAHR Monograph, Balkema, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
20.
Nino, Y., and Garcia, M. H. ( 1996). “Experiments on particle-turbulence interactions in the near-wall region of an open channel flow: Implications for sediment transport.” J. Fluid Mech., Cambridge, U.K., 236, 285–319.
21.
Nino, Y., and Garcia, M. H. (1998). “Engelund's analysis of turbulent energy and suspended load.”J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 124(4), 480–483.
22.
Shields, A. ( 1936). Anwendung der Ähnlichkeitsmechanik und der Turbulenzfors-chung and die Geschiebebewegung, Preussischen Versuchanstalt für Wasserbau und Schiffbau, Berlin, No. 26.
23.
Zanke, U. ( 1990). “Der Beginn der Sedimentbewegung als Wahrscheinligkeitsproblem.” Wasser und Boden, 1, 40–43.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
History
Received: Mar 31, 2000
Published online: Mar 1, 2001
Published in print: Mar 2001
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.