Effect of Bed-Load Movement on Flow Friction Factor
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 124, Issue 2
Abstract
The effect of bed-load movement on the friction factor of pipe flow and open-channel flow was studied experimentally. The measured results for flows without bed-load movement for both of these flows compares well with the theoretical relationships. The experimental data associated with the pipe flow are hydraulically smooth, whereas that with the open-channel flow is hydraulically rough. The flows were in the fully developed turbulent region. The data show that bed-load movement increases the flow friction factor. The increment depends on the volumetric concentration of the bed load and the size of the particle, and is attributed to the additional energy consumption associated with the collision of sediment particles, as well as the horizontal particle acceleration-induced momentum extraction from the flow. An empirical equation is fitted to the experimental data from which the friction factor associated with bed-load movement can be obtained for a given bed-load concentration and particle size.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 124 • Issue 2 • February 1998
Pages: 165 - 175
Copyright
Copyright © 1998 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Feb 1, 1998
Published in print: Feb 1998
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