Velocity Profiles for Particles and Liquid in Open-Channel Flow with Suspended Sediment
This article has a reply.
VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 123, Issue 9
Abstract
Experiments were performed to measure the mean velocity and turbulence characteristics in open-channel flows with and without suspended sediment (alluvial sand of nearly uniform size). Velocity measurements were obtained by using a newly developed technique, the discriminator laser-doppler velocimeter (DLDV), which can distinguish both liquid and sediment particle velocities. The mean velocity of sediment particles was found to be lower than that of the water. While the velocity fluctuations in the water were not changed with the addition of sediment, those of the sediment were diminished. For the range of concentrations considered, the friction velocity and the free-surface slope increased with sediment concentration unlike other bulk flow parameters, which were practically constant. A uniform method of analysis was developed to facilitate data interpretation and comparison between similar studies.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Aziz, N. M.(1996). “Error estimate in Einstein's suspended sediment load method.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 122(5), 282–285.
2.
Bagnold, R. A. (1973). “The nature of saltation and of `bed-load' transport in water.”Proc., Royal Soc. of London, London, England, A332, 473–504.
3.
Coleman, N. L.(1981). “Velocity profiles with suspended sediment.”J. Hydr. Res., IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands, 19(3), 211–227.
4.
Durst, F., Melling, A., and Whitelaw, J. H. (1981). Principles and practice of laser-Doppler anemometry, 2nd Ed., Academic Press, Inc., San Diego, Calif.
5.
Henderson, F. M. (1966). Open channel flow. Macmillan Inc., Greenwich, Conn.
6.
Hoyt, J. W.(1991). “`Negative Roughness' and Polymer Drag Reduction,”Experiments in Fluids, 11(2/3), 142–146.
7.
Jobson, H. E., and Sayre, W. W.(1970). “Vertical transfer in open channel flow.”J. Hydr. Div., ASCE, 96(10), 703–724.
8.
Kereselidze, N. B., and Kutavaia, V. I.(1995). “Experimental research on kinematics of flows with high suspended solid concentration.”J. Hydr. Res., IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands, 33(1), 65–76.
9.
Lazendorf, W. (1985). “On the motion of solids in viscous sublayers of a pipe flow.”Proc., Euromech 192: Transport of Suspended Solids in Open Channel, 43–46.
10.
Lyn, D. A. (1986). “Turbulence and turbulent transport in sediment-laden open-channel flows.”Rep. No. KH-R-49, W. M. Keck Laboratory, California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, Calif.
11.
Lyn, D. A.(1988). “A similarity approach to turbulent sediment-laden flows in open channels.”J. Fluid Mech., 193, 1–26.
12.
Müller, A. (1973). “Turbulence measurements over a movable bed with sediment transport by laser-anemometry.”Proc., 15th Congr., IAHR, 43–50.
13.
Muste, M. (1995). “Particle and liquid velocity measurements in sediment-laden flows with a discriminator laser-Doppler velocimeter,” PhD thesis, Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
14.
Muste, M., Parthasarathy, R. N., and Patel, V. C.(1996). “Discriminator laser-Doppler velocimetry for measurement of liquid and particle velocities in sediment-laden flows.”Experiments in Fluids, 22, 45–56.
15.
Nezu, I., and Rodi, W.(1986). “Open-channel flow measurements with a laser-Doppler anemometer.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 112(5), 335–355.
16.
Parker, G., and Wilcock, P. R.(1993). “Sediment feed and recirculating flumes: fundamental difference.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 119(11), 1192–1204.
17.
Parthasarathy, R. N. (1989). “Homogeneous dilute turbulent particle-laden water flows,” PhD thesis, Univ. Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.
18.
Parthasarathy, R. N., and Muste, M.(1994). “Velocity measurements in asymmetric turbulent channel flows.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 120(9), 1000–1020.
19.
Prinos, P., and Zeris, A.(1995). “Uniform flow in open-channels with movable gravel bed.”J. Hydr. Res., IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands, 33(5), 705–719.
20.
Rashidi, M., Hetsroni, G., and Banerjee, S.(1990). “Particle-turbulence interaction in a boundary layer.”Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 16(6), 935–949.
21.
Rogers, C. B., and Eaton, J. K. (1989). “The interaction between dispersed particles and fluid turbulence in a flat plate turbulent boundary layer in air.”Rep. MD-52, Stanford Univ., Calif.
22.
Schlichting, H. (1979). Boundary-layer theory, 7th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, N.Y.
23.
Schoellhamer, D. H. (1986). “Comparison of mean longitudinal suspended-sediment and stream velocities.”Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on River Sedimentation, Univ. Mississippi, University, Miss., 814–823.
24.
Song, T., Graf, W. H., and Lemmin, U.(1994). “Uniform flow in open channels with movable gravel bed.”J. Hydr. Res., IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands, 32(6), 861–876.
25.
Summer, B. M., and Deigaard, R.(1981). “Particle motions near the bottom in turbulent flow in an open channel.” Part 2, J. Fluid Mech., 109, 311–337.
26.
Tsuji, Y., and Morikawa, Y.(1982). “LDV measurement of an air-solid two-phase flow in an horizontal pipe.”J. Fluid Mech., 120, 385–409.
27.
Valiani, A.(1991). “The von-Karman coefficient in sediment-laden flow.”J. Hydr. Res., IAHR, Delft, The Netherlands, 29(1), 129–136.
28.
Van Ingen, C. (1981). “Observations in a sediment-laden flow by use of laser-Doppler velocimetry.”Rep. KH-R-42, W. M. Keck Lab., California Inst. of Technol., Pasadena, Calif.
29.
Vanoni, V. A. (1975). “Suspension of sediment.”Sedimentation Engrg., V. A. Vanoni, ed., ASCE, New York, N.Y.
30.
Wang, G. Q., and Ni, J. R.(1991). “The kinetic theory for dilute solid/liquid two-phase flow.”Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 17(2), 273–281.
31.
Wang, Z., and Larsen, P.(1994). “Turbulent structure of water and clay suspensions with bed load.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 120(5), 577–600.
32.
Wang, X., and Qian, N.(1992). “Velocity profiles of sediment-laden flow.”Int. J. Sediment Res., IRTCES, Beijing, China, 7(1), 27–58.
33.
Wiberg, P. L., and Rubin, D. M. (1989). “Bed roughness produced by saltating sediment.”J. Geophysical Res., 94(C4), 5011–5016.
34.
Yalin, M. S. (1977). Mechanics of sediment transport. Pergamon Press, New York, N.Y.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 123 • Issue 9 • September 1997
Pages: 742 - 751
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Sep 1, 1997
Published in print: Sep 1997
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.