Maximum and Mean Velocities and Entropy in Open-Channel Flow
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 121, Issue 1
Abstract
The maximum velocity in a channel cross section is highlighted with respect to its information content and relation to the mean velocity and entropy parameter. Under a wide range of discharge and water depth, a channel section seems to have propensity to establish and maintain an equilibrium state that corresponds to a value of entropy parameter. The entropy parameter of a channel section can be determined from the relation between the mean and maximum velocities. A technique has been developed to determine the discharge from a velocity profile on a single vertical passing through the point of maximum velocity in a channel cross section. The technique is an efficient way to estimate the discharge in streams and rivers, that can be used to continuously update the flow resistance during an unsteady flow, to enhance a filtering scheme designed to reduce uncertainties in flow forecasting. The use of the constant value of entropy parameter predetermined for a channel section can simplify the discharge estimation.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Bridge, J. S., and Jarvis, J. (1985). “Flow and sediment transport data, River South Esk, Glen Glova, Scotland.”Unpublished Rep., Dept. of Geological Sciences, State Univ. of New York, Binghamton, N.Y.
2.
Chiu, C.-L. (1978). Application of Kalman filter to hydrology, hydraulics and water resources . Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
3.
Chiu, C.-L., and Chiou, J.-D.(1986). “Structure of 3-D flow in rectangular open channels.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 112(11), 1050–1068.
4.
Chiu, C.-L.(1987). “Entropy and probability concepts in hydraulics.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 113(5), 583–600.
5.
Chiu, C.-L.(1988). “Entropy and 2-D velocity distribution in open channels.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 114(7), 738–756.
6.
Chiu, C.-L.(1989). “Velocity distribution in open-channel flow.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 115(5), 576–594.
7.
Chiu, C.-L.(1991). “Application of entropy concept in open-channel flow study.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 117(5), 615–628.
8.
Chiu, C.-L., and Murray, D. W.(1992). “Variation of velocity distribution along non-uniform open channel flow.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 118(7), 989–1001.
9.
Chiu, C.-L., Lin, G.-F., and Lu, J.-M.(1993). “Application of probability and entropy concepts in pipe-flow study.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 119(6), 742–756.
10.
Choo, T. H. (1990). “Estimation of energy and momentum coefficients in open channel flow by Chiu's velocity distribution equation,” M.S. thesis, Dept. of Civ. Engrg., Univ. of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa.
11.
Crissman, R. D., Chiu, C.-L., Yu, W., Mizumura, K., and Corbu, I.(1993). “Uncertainties in flow modeling and forecasting for Niagara River.”J. Hydr. Engrg., ASCE, 119(11), 1231–1250.
12.
Culbertson, J. K., Scott, C. H., and Bennett, J. P. (1971). “Summary of alluvial-channel data from Rio Grande Conveyance Channel, New Mexico, 1965–69.”Open File Report, U.S. Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, (Aug.).
13.
Gordon, L. (1992). Mississippi river discharge . RD Instruments, San Diego, Calif.
14.
Guy, H. P., Simons, D. B., and Richardson, E. V. (1966). “Summary of alluvial channel data from flume experiments, 1956–61.”Geological Survey Professional Paper 462-I, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
15.
Yen, B. C. (1965). “Characteristics of subcritical flow in a meandering channel.”Tech. Rep., Institute of Hydraulic Research, Univ. of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Jan 1, 1995
Published in print: Jan 1995
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.