Validation of Three‐Dimensional Hydrodynamic Model of Chesapeake Bay
Publication: Journal of Hydraulic Engineering
Volume 119, Issue 1
Abstract
A time‐varying three‐dimensional numerical hydrodynamic model of Chesapeake Bay in Maryland has been developed to provide flow fields to a 3‐D water quality model of the bay. The water surface, 3‐D velocity field, salinity, and temperature are computed. Major physical processes affecting bay circulation and vertical mixing are modeled. A particular feature of the model is the solution of transformed equations on a boundary‐fitted grid in the horizontal plane. The 3‐D model has been validated through application to six data sets. The first three were about one month long each and represented a dry summer condition, a spring runoff, and a fall wind‐mixing event. The last three applications were yearlong simulations for 1984, 1985, and 1986. These years represent a wet, dry, and average freshwater inflow year, respectively. A major storm in November 1985 over the lower portion of the bay resulted in a 200‐year flood on the James River and served to demonstrate the ability of the model to simulate extreme events. Selected results from application to the fall 1983 data and from the yearlong simulations are presented here. These results demonstrate that the model is a good representation of the hydrodynamics of the Chesapeake Bay and its major tributaries.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Donaldson, C. duP. (1973). “Atmospheric turbulence and the dispersal of atmospheric pollutants.” Workshop on micrometeorology, D. A. Haugen, ed., Am. Meteorological Soc., Science Press, Boston, Mass., 313–390.
2.
Edinger, J. E., Brady, D. K., and Geyer, J. C. (1974). “Heat exchange and transport in the environment.” Report 14, EPRI Publication No. 74‐049‐00‐3, Electric Power Res. Inst., Palo Alto, Calif.
3.
Garratt, J. R. (1977). “Review of drag coefficients over oceans and continents.” Monthly Weather Rev., 105(7), 915–929.
4.
Johnson, B. H. (1980). “VAHM—a vertically averaged hydrodynamic model using boundary‐fitted coordinates.” Miscellaneous Paper HL‐80‐3, U.S. Army Engr. Wtrwys. Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
5.
Johnson, B. H., Kim, K. W., Heath, R. E., and Butler, H. L. (1991). “User's guide for the Chesapeake Bay three‐dimensional numerical hydrodynamic model.” Technical Report HL‐91‐1, U.S. Army Engr. Wtrwys. Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
6.
Johnson, B. H., Kim, K. W., Heath, R. E., and Butler, H. L. (1991). “Development and verification of a three‐dimensional numerical hydrodynamic, salinity, and temperature model of Chesapeake Bay,” Technical Report HL‐91‐7, Vols. 1 and 2, U.S. Army Engr. Wtrwys. Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss.
7.
Leonard, B. P. (1979). “A stable and accurate convective modeling procedure based on upstream interpolation.” Comp. Methods in Appl. Mech. and Engrg., 19(6), 59–98.
8.
Lewellen, W. S. (1977). “Use of invariant modeling.” Handbook of turbulence, W. Frost, ed., Vol. 1, Plenum Press, New York, N.Y., 237–280.
9.
Sheng, Y. P. (1982). “Hydraulic applications of a second‐order closure model of turbulent transport.” Applying research to hydraulic practice, P. Smith, ed., ASCE, New York, N.Y., 106–119.
10.
Sheng, Y. P. (1986). “A three‐dimensional mathematical model of coastal, estuarine and lake currents using boundary fitted grid,” Report No. 585, A.R.A.P. Group of Titan Systems, N.J., Princeton, N.J.
11.
Water‐data report MD‐83, (1984a). U.S. Geological Survey, Towson, Md.
12.
Water‐data report VA‐83, (1984b). U.S. Geological Survey, Richmond, Va.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 21, 1992
Published online: Jan 1, 1993
Published in print: Jan 1993
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.