Earth Dam‐Canyon Interaction Effects for Obliquely Incident SH Waves
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 119, Issue 11
Abstract
Dam‐canyon interaction effects on the response of earth and rockfill dams built in narrow canyons are considered. An analytical closed‐form solution is used for a dam in a semicylindrical canyon, subjected to obliquely incident harmonic SH waves. The dam is idealized as linearly hysteretic elastic body deforming only in shear, while the canyon is modeled as an elastic half‐space. The model accounts in a rigorous way for the wave reflection and diffraction phenomena caused by the presence of the dam‐canyon system. It is shown that the motion amplification is considerably less for a dam in flexible canyon than for a dam in a rigid canyon and that the effects of radiation damping and asynchronous base motion may be very important. For oblique SH waves, the presence of antisymmetric terms in the solution may lead to response substantially higher than that induced by vertically propagating waves. Finally, as the canyon narrowness increases, the amplification at higher frequencies increases significantly for a rigid base, but it may decrease for a flexible base.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Abdel‐Ghaffar, A. M., and Koh, A. S. (1982). “Three‐dimensional dynamic analysis of non‐homogeneous earth dams.” J. Soil Dyn. and Earthquake Engrg., 1(3), 136–144.
2.
Abramowitz, M., and Stegun, I. (1970). “Handbook of mathematical functions.” Dover, New York, N.Y.
3.
“CSMIP strong motion records from the Santa Cruz Mountains (Loma Prieta), California earthquake of October 17, 1989.” (1989). Rep. OSMS 89‐06. California Dept. of Conserv., Div. of Mines and Geology, Office of Strong Motion Studies. Sacramento, Calif.
4.
Dakoulas, P. (1993). “Response of earth dams in semicylindrical canyons to oblique SH waves.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 119(1), 74–90.
5.
Dakoulas, P., and Hashmi, H. (1992). “Wave passage effects on the response of earth dams.” J. Soils and Foundations, 32(2), 97–110.
6.
Dakoulas, P., and Gazetas, G. (1986a). “Seismic shear vibration of embankment dams in semi‐cylindrical valleys.” J. Earthquake Engrg. and Struct. Dyn., 14(1), 19–40.
7.
Dakoulas, P., and Gazetas, G. (1986b). “Seismic shear strains and seismic coefficients in dams and embankments.” J. Soil Dyn. and Earthquake Engrg., 5(6), 75–83.
8.
Dakoulas, P., and Gazetas, G. (1987). “Vibration characteristics of dams in narrow canyons.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 113(8), 899–904.
9.
Dibaj, M., and Penzien, J. (1969). “Response of earth dams to traveling seismic waves.” J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 95(2), 541–560.
10.
Elgamal, A. W. M., Abdel‐Ghaffar, A. M., and Prevost, J. H. (1987). “2‐D elastoplastic seismic shear response of earth dams: theory.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 113(5), 689–701.
11.
Gazetas, G. (1982). “Shear vibrations of vertically inhomogeneous earth dams.” Int. J. Numer. Analytical Methods in Geomech., 6(1), 219–241.
12.
Gazetas, G. (1987). “Seismic response of earth dams: some recent developments.” J. Soil Dyn. and Earthquake Engrg., 6(1), 1–47.
13.
Gazetas, G., and Dakoulas, P. (1992). “Seismic analysis and design of rockfill dams: state‐of‐the‐art.” J. Soil Dyn. and Earthquake Engrg., 11(1), 27–61.
14.
Hall, J. F., and Chopra, A. K. (1982). “Hydrodynamic effects in earthquake response of embankment dams.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 108(4), 591–598.
15.
Haroun, M. H., and Abdel‐Hafiz, E. A. (1987). “Seismic response analysis of earth dams under differential ground motion.” Bull. Seismological Soc. of Am., 77(5), 1514–1529.
16.
Lai, S., and Seed, H. B. (1980). “Dynamic response of Long Valley Dam in the Mammoth Lake earthquake series of May 25–27.” Rep. UCB/EER‐85‐12, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, Calif.
17.
Makdisi, F. I., Kagawa, T., and Seed, H. B. (1982). “Seismic response of earth dams in triangular canyons.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 108(10), 1328–1337.
18.
Martinez, B., and Bielak, J. (1980). “On the three‐dimensional seismic response of the earth structures.” Proc. 7th World Conf. on Earthquake Engrg., 8, 523–528.
19.
Mejia, L. H., Seed, H. B., and Lysmer, J. (1982). “Dynamic analysis of earth dams in three dimensions.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 108(12), 1586–1604.
20.
Nahhas, T. M. (1987). “Dynamics of earth dams,” PhD thesis, Univ. of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif.
21.
Ohmachi, T. (1981). “Analysis of dynamic shear strain distributed in 3‐dimensional earth dam models.” Proc., Int. Conf. on Recent Advances in Geotech. Earthquake Engrg. and Soil Dyn., 1, 459–464.
22.
Prevost, J. H., Abdel‐Ghaffar, A. M., and Lacy, S. J. (1985). “Nonlinear dynamic analysis of earth dam: a comparative study.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 111(7), 882–897.
23.
Trifunac, M. D. (1971). “Surface motion of a semi‐cylindrical alluvial valley for incident plane SH waves.” Bull. Seismological Soc. of Am., 61(6), 1755–1770.
24.
Watson, G. N. (1944). “Theory of Bessel functions.” 2nd Ed., Cambridge University Press, London, U.K.
25.
Wong, H. L., and Trifunac, M. D. (1974). “Surface motion of a semi‐elliptical alluvial valley for incident plane SH waves.” Bull. Seismological Soc. of Am., 64(5), 1389–1408.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1993 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 7, 1992
Published online: Nov 1, 1993
Published in print: Nov 1993
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.