Particle Gradation and Liquefaction
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 116, Issue 4
Abstract
A study is presented on the resistance to liquefaction of sands with different gradations but identical mean grain size and mineralogy. Test specimens are reconstituted using a newly developed slurry deposition technique that yields not only homogeneous unsegregated specimens, but also simulates closely fluvial and hydraulic fill deposition processes. It is shown that with improved gradation, the cyclic strength at a given relative density increases in the range of lower relative densities but decreases in the range of higher relative density. In the range of loose relative densities, poorly graded sand develops strain as a consequence of contractive deformation in contrast to cyclic mobility for sands that are better graded. Thus, gradation may control the occurrence of contractive deformation and, hence, possible flow failure at low relative densities.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Castro, G., Poulos, S. J., France, J. W., and Enos, J. L. (1982). “Liquefaction induced by cyclic loading.” Report 80696, Geotech. Engrs. Inc., Winchester, Mass.
2.
Chang, N.‐Y., Yeh, S.‐T., and Kaufman, L. P. (1982). “Liquefaction potential of clean and silty sands.” Proc. 3rd Earthquake Microzonation Conference, Seattle, Wash., 1017–1032.
3.
Frydman, S., Zeitlen, J. G., and Alpan, I. (1973). “The membrane effect in triaxial testing of granular soils.” J. Test. Eval., 1(1), 37–41.
4.
Kaggwa, W. S. (1988). “Cyclic behaviour of carbonate sediments,” thesis presented to the University of Sydney, at Sydney, Australia, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
5.
Kuerbis, R. H., and Vaid, Y. P. (1988). “Sand sample preparation—The slurry deposition method.” Soils Found., 28(4), 107–118.
6.
Kuerbis, R. H., Negussey, D., and Vaid, Y. P. (1988). “Effect of gradation and fines content on the undrained response of sand.” Conf. on Hydraulic Fill Structures, ASCE, GSP No. 21, 330–345.
7.
Lee, K. L., and Fitton, J. A. (1969). “Factors affecting the cyclic loading strength of soil.” Vibration Effects of Earthquakes on Soils and Foundations, American Society for Testing and Materials, STP450, 71–95.
8.
"Liquefaction of soils during earthquakes.” (1985). Report by the National Research Council, Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems, for the National Science Foundation, Washington, D.C.
9.
Vaid, Y. P., and Chem. J. C. (1985). “Cyclic and monotonic undrained response of saturated sands.” Advances in the Art of Testing Soils Under Cyclic Conditions, Session No. 52, Annual Convention and Exposition, ASCE, Detroit, Mich., 120–147.
10.
Wong, R. T., Seed, H. B., and Chan, C. K. (1974). “Liquefaction of gravelly soils under cyclic loading conditions.” Report No. 74‐11, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 116 • Issue 4 • April 1990
Pages: 698 - 703
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 ASCE.
History
Published online: Apr 1, 1990
Published in print: Apr 1990
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.