Undrained Behavior of Clay Under Cyclic Shear Stresses
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 115, Issue 7
Abstract
The cyclic behavior of normally consolidated clays is investigated by conducting a series of cyclic simple shear tests on one‐dimensionally and isotropically consolidated kaolinite samples. The response of two types of specimens are evaluated and compared based on tests performed with different cyclic shear stress amplitudes and frequencies. The cyclic stress‐strain‐pore pressure and cyclic shear strength properties of the clay samples are studied and a simple procedure is suggested to define cyclic yield strength. The results also indicate that there is a threshold cyclic shear stress level below which no excess pore pressure will develop. An attempt is made to develop an empirical procedure to estimate the response of a soil element subjected to cyclic shear stresses for a given number of cycles.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Andersen, K. H.et al. (1980). “Cyclic and static laboratory tests on Drammen clay.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 106(5), 499–529.
2.
Arulandan, K., Shen, C. K., and Young, R. B. (1971). “Undrained creep of a coastal organic silty clay.” Geotechnique, 21(4), London, U.K., 359–375.
3.
Brewer, J. H. (1972). “The response of cyclic stress in a normally consolidated saturated clay.” Thesis presented to the Civil Engineering Dept., North Carolina State Univ., at Raleigh, North Carolina, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
4.
Brown, S. F., Lashine, A. K. F., and Hyde, A. F. L. (1975). “Repeated load triaxial testing of a silty clay.” Geotechnique, 25(1), London, U.K., 95–114.
5.
Castro, G., and Christian, J. T. (1976). “Shear strength of soils and cyclic loading.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 102(9), 887–894.
6.
Dobry, R. et al. (1982). “Prediction of pore water pressure buildup and liquefaction of sand during earthquakes by the cyclic strain method.” NBS Bldg. Sci. Series, 138.
7.
Dyvik, R., Zimmie, T. F., and Schimelfenyg, P. (1983). “Cyclic simple shear behavior of fine grained soils.” Norwegian Geotech. Inst., Publ., 149, 1–6.
8.
France, J. W., and Sangrey, D. A. (1977). “Effects of drainage in repeated loading of clays.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 103(7), 769–785.
9.
Goulis, A. M., Whitman, R. V., and Hoeg, K. (1985). “Effect of sustained shear stresses on cyclic degradation of clay.” ASTM STP 883, Strength Testing of Marine Sediments: Lab. and In‐Situ Strength Measurements, 336–351.
10.
Holzer, T. L., and Hoeg, K. (1973). “Effect of seismic loading on undrained clay creep.” J. Soil Mech. and Found., ASCE, 99(1), 153–158.
11.
Ishihara, K. (1980). “Strength of cohesive soils under transient and cyclic loading conditions.” Proc., 7th World Conf. on Earthquake Engrg., State‐of‐the‐Art Vol., 159–169.
12.
Ishihara, K. (1985). “Stability of natural deposits during earthquakes.” Theme Lect., Proc., 11th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., San Francisco, Calif., 2, 321–376.
13.
Ishihara, K., and Kasuda, K. (1984). “Dynamic strength of a cohesive soil.” Proc., 6th Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., Budapest, Hungary, 91–98.
14.
Ishihara, K., Nagao, A., and Mano, R. (1983). “Residual strain and strength of clay under seismic loading.” Proc., 4th Canadian Conf. on Earthquake Engrg., Vancouver, Canada, 602–613.
15.
Koutsoftas, D. C. (1978). “Effect of cyclic loads on undrained strength of two marine clays.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 104(5), 609–620.
16.
Koutsoftas, D. C., and Fischer, J. A. (1980). “Dynamic properties of two marine clays.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 106(6), 645–657.
17.
Larew, H. G., and Leonards, G. A. (1962). “A repeated load strength criterion.” Proc., Highway Res. Board, 41, 529.
18.
Lee, K. L., and Focht, J. A., Jr. (1976). “Strength of clay subjected to cyclic loading.” Marine Geotech., 1(3), 165–185.
19.
Lo, K. Y. (1969). “Pore pressure‐strain relationship for normally consolidated undisturbed clays.” Can. Geotech. J., 6(4), 383–412.
20.
Matsui, T., Ohara, H., and Ito, T. (1980). “Cyclic stress‐strain history and shear characteristics of clays.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 106(10), 1101–1120.
21.
Ogawa, S., Shibayama, T., and Yamaguchi, H. (1977). “Dynamic strength of saturated cohesive soil.” Proc., 10th Int. Conf. on Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., 2, 317–320.
22.
Özaydin, K., and Erguvanh, A. (1980). “The generation of pore pressures in clayey soils during earthquakes.” Proc., 7th World Conf. on Earthquake Engrg., 3, 326–330.
23.
Proctor, D. C., and Khaffaf, J. (1984). “Cyclic triaxial tests on remolded clays.” J. Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, 110(10), 1431–1445.
24.
Sangrey, D. A. (1968). “Behavior of soils subjected to repeated loading.” Thesis presented to the Civ. Engrg. Dept., Cornell Univ., at Ithaca, New York, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
25.
Sangrey, D. A., et al. (1978). “Cyclic loading of sands, silts and clays.” Proc., Specialty Conf. on Earthquake Engrg. and Soil Dynamics, ASCE, Pasadena, Calif., 836–851.
26.
Sangrey, D. A., and France, J. W. (1980). “Peak strength of clay soils after repeated loading history.” Proc., Int. Symp. on Soils under Cyclic and Transient Loading, Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 1, 421–430.
27.
Sangrey, D. A., Henkel, D. J., and Esrig, M. I. (1969). “The effective stress response of a saturated clay soil to repeated loading.” Can. Geotech. J., 6(3), 241–252.
28.
Sangrey, D. A., Polard, W. S., and Egan, J. A. (1978). “Errors associated with rate of undrained cyclic testing of clay soils.” ASTM STP 654, Dynamic Geotech. Testing, 280–294.
29.
Seed, H. B., and Chan, C. K. (1966). “Clay strength under earthquake loading conditions.” J. Soil Mech. and Found., ASCE, 92(2), 53–78.
30.
Taylor, P. W., and Bacchus, D. R. (1969). “Dynamic cyclic strain tests on a clay.” Proc., 7th Int. Conf. of Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., Mexico City, Mexico, 1, 401–409.
31.
Thiers, G. R., and Seed, H. B, (1969). “Strength and stress‐strain characteristics of clays subjected to seismic loading conditions.” ASTM STP 450, Vibration Effects of Earthquakes on Soils and Foundations, 3–56.
32.
Thiers, G. R., and Seed, H. B. (1968). “Cyclic stress‐strain characteristics of clays.” J. Soil Mech. and Found., ASCE, 94(2), 555–569.
33.
Wilson, N. E., and Greenwood, J. R. (1974). “Pore pressure and strains after repeated loading of saturated clay.” Can. Geotech. J., 11(2), 269–277.
34.
Wood, D. M. (1982). “Laboratory investigation of the behavior of soils under cyclic loading: A review.” Soil Mech.—Transient and Cyclic Loads, G. N. Pande and O. C. Zienkiewicz, eds., John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y., 513–582.
35.
Yasuhara, K., Yamanouchi, T., and Hirao, K. (1982). “Cyclic strength and deformation of normally consolidated clay.” Soils and Foundations, Tokyo, Japan, 22(3), 77–91.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 115 • Issue 7 • July 1989
Pages: 968 - 983
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jul 1, 1989
Published in print: Jul 1989
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.