Injection of Fine Sands with Very Fine Cement Grout
Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 115, Issue 12
Abstract
The use of very fine cement grouts for injection into fine to medium sands has been proposed recently to circumvent problems associated with the permanence and toxicity of chemical grouts and the inability of ordinary cement grouts to permeate soil formations finer than coarse sand. The results of a laboratory investigation conducted on a commercially available very fine cement grout indicate that this grout has better flow properties and bleed characteristics than ordinary portland cement grputs. Very fine cement grouts with a water‐to‐cement ratio as low as two can permeate several feet into well‐compacted fine sands with in the range of 0.15 mm. The groutability ratio is not a universally applicable criterion, and experimental evidence suggests that the grain‐size distribution of the fine sand, and especially the amount of fines in the sand, may control the grouting operation. The granulometry of the fine sand influences the effectiveness of the grouting operation in terms of permeability and strength.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Arenzana, L. (1987). “An experimental investigation of the properties and behavior of dilute microfine cement grouts,” thesis presented to Northwestern University, at Evanston, Ill., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, 1–215.
2.
Caron, C. (1982). “The state of grouting in the 1980's.” Proc., Conf. on Grouting in Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, New Orleans, La., 346–358.
3.
Clarke, W. J. (1984). “Performance characteristics of microfine cement.” Preprint 84‐023, ASCE, Atlanta, Ga., 1–14.
4.
Habibian, M., and O'Melia, C. (1975). “Particles, polymers and performance in filtration.” J. Envir. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 101(4), 567–583.
5.
Johnson, S. J. (1958). “Cement and clay grouting of foundations: Grouting with claycement grouts.” J. Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 84(1), 1–12.
6.
Karol, R. H. (1982). “Chemical grouts and their properties.” Proc., Conf. on Grouting in Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, New Orleans, La., 359–377.
7.
Littlejohn, G. S. (1982). “Design of cement based grouts.” Proc., Conf. on Grouting in Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, New Orleans, La., 35–48.
8.
Mitchell, J. K. (1970). “In‐place treatment of foundation soils.” J. Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 96(1), 73–110.
9.
Moller, D. W., Minch, H. L., and Welsh, J. P. (1983). “Ultrafine cement pressure grouting to control ground water in fractured granite rock.” Proc., American Concrete Institute, SP 83‐8, Kansas City, Mo.
10.
O'Melia, C. R. (1965). Discussion of “The theory of water filtration,” by T. R. Camp. J. Sanit. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 91(2), 92–98.
11.
Portland Cement Association (1975). Principles of quality concrete. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
12.
Scott, R. A. (1963). “Grouts and drilling muds in engineering practice.” Butterworths, London, England, 4–8.
13.
Shimoda, M., and Ohmori, H. (1982). “Ultra fine grouting material.” Proc., Conf. on Grouting in Geotech. Engrg., ASCE, New Orleans, La., 77–91.
14.
Winter, E., Clarke, W. J., and Guthrie, J. W. (1986). “Microfine cement grout strengthens foundations.” Concrete International, October, 59–61.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1989 ASCE.
History
Published online: Dec 1, 1989
Published in print: Dec 1989
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.