TECHNICAL PAPERS
Dec 1, 1987

Load‐Deformation Response of Axially Loaded Piles

Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 113, Issue 12

Abstract

A new empirical scheme for simulating the nonlinear point resistance response of single piles in cohesionless soils is proposed. The pile‐soil system is idealized by using a one‐dimensional finite element technique. The shear resistance response along the pile shaft is found by using the concept of tz curve proposed by Kraft et al., whereas the new method is used to define the tip resistance response or the so‐called pz curve. A generalized Ramberg‐Osgood model is utilized to simulate the nonlinear tz and pz curves. To check the validity of the method, four examples involving field and laboratory tests on piles in sands are considered. The comparisons between the finite element predictions, and the laboratory and field observations, show good correlation. The results are relevant to a specific class of problems that involve submerged or dry sand, long piles, and a constant value of the lateral earth pressure coefficient.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

1.
Armaleh, S. H. (1986). “Analysis of single and group piles in cohesionless soils,” Thesis presented to the University of Arizona, at Tucson, Ariz., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science.
2.
Boussinesq, J. (1885). Application des potentiels à l'étude de l'équilibre et du movement des solides e'lastiques. Gauthier‐Villards, Paris, France.
3.
Coyle, H. M., and Reese, L. C. (1966). “Load transfer for axially loaded piles in clay.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 92(SM2), 1–26.
4.
Coyle, H. M., and Sulaiman, I. H. (1967). “Skin friction for steel piles in sand.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 93(SM6), 261–278.
5.
Desai, C. S. (1974). “Numerical design analysis for piles in sand.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 100(GT6), 613–635.
6.
Desai, C. S. (1978). Elementary finite element method. Prentice‐Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
7.
Desai, C. S., and Holloway, D. M. (1972). “Load‐deformation analysis of deep pile foundation.” Proc. Symp. on Applications of the Finite Element Method in Geotech. Engrg., U.S. Army Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., 629–656.
8.
Desai, C. S., and Kuppusamy, T. (1978). “A computer code for axially and laterally loaded piles and retaining walls.” Report, Department of Civil Engineering, Virginia Polytechnical Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Va.
9.
Desai, C. S., and Kuppusamy, T. (1980). “Application of a numerical procedure for laterally loaded structures.” Proc. Numerical Methods in Offshore Piling, Institution of Civil Engineers, London, England, 93–99.
10.
Desai, C. S., Kuppusamy, T., and Alameddine, A. R. (1981). “Pile cap‐pile group‐soil interaction.” J. Struct. Div., ASCE 107(ST5), 817–834.
11.
Desai, C. S., and Wu, T. H. (1976). “A general function for stress‐strain curves.” Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. for Numerical Methods in Geomech., Blacksburg, Va.
12.
Ellison, R. D. (1968). “An Analytical Study of the Mechanics of Single Pile Foundations,” Thesis presented to Carnegie Mellon University, at Pittsburgh, Pa., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
13.
Furlow, C. R. (1968). “Pile tests, Jonesville Lock and Dam, Quachita and Black Rivers, Arkansas and Louisiana.” Technical Report S‐68‐10, U.S. Army Engineers Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Miss., Dec.
14.
Janbu, N. (1963). “Soil compressibility as determined by oedometer and triaxial tests.” Proc. European Conf. for Soil Mech. and Found. Engrg., 1, Wiesbaden, Germany, 19–25.
15.
Kraft, L. M., Ray, R. P., and Kagawa, T. (1981). “Theoretical t‐z curves.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 107(GT11), 1543–1560.
16.
Mansur, C. I., and Hunter, A. H. (1970). “Pile tests—Arkansas River project.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 96(SM5), 1545–1582.
17.
Matlock, H., and Reese, L. C. (1962). “Generalized solutions for laterally loaded piles.” Trans. ASCE, 127(1), 1220–1251.
18.
Meyerhof, G. G. (1959). “Compaction of sands and bearing capacity of piles.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 85(SM6), 1–27.
19.
Mindlin, R. D. (1936). “Force at a point in the interior of a semi‐infinite solid.” Physics, 7(5), 195–220.
20.
“Pile driving and loading tests: Lock and Dam No. 4, Arkansas River and Tributaries, Arkansas and Oklahoma.” (1964). Report by Fruco and Assoc., U.S. Army Engineer District, CE, Little Rock, Arkansas, Sep.
21.
Randolph, M. F., and Wroth, C. P. (1978). “Analysis and deformation of vertically loaded piles.” J. Geotech. Engrg. Div., ASCE, 104(GT12), 1465–1487.
22.
Reese, L. C., Cox, W. R., and Koop, F. D. (1974). “Analysis of laterally loaded piles in sand,” Paper presented at the 6th Offshore Technology Conf., ASCE, Houston, Texas.
23.
Reese, L. C., O'Neill, M. W., and Smith, R. E. (1970). “Generalized analysis of pile foundations.” J. Soil Mech. and Found. Div., ASCE, 96(SM1), 235–250.
24.
Seed, H. B., and Reese, L. C. (1957). “The action of soft clay along friction piles in clay.” Trans. ASCE, 122, 731–754.
25.
Tavenas, F. A. (1971). “Load test results on friction piles in sand.” Can. Geotech. J., 8(1), 7–22.
26.
Vesić, A. S. (1969). “Experiments with instrumented pile groups in sand.” Symp. on Deep Found., ASTM, Special Tech. Publ. No. 444, 177–222.
27.
Vesić, A. S. (1970). “Tests on instrumented piles, Ogeechee River site.” J. Soil Mech. Found. Div., ASCE, 96(SM2), 561–584.
28.
Vesić, A. S. (1975). “Principle of pile foundation design.” Soil Mechanics Series, 38, Duke University, Durham, N.C.
29.
Winkler, E. (1867). “Die Lehre von der Elastizität und Festigkeit,” Prague, Czechoslovakia.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 113Issue 12December 1987
Pages: 1483 - 1500

History

Published online: Dec 1, 1987
Published in print: Dec 1987

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

Sonia Armaleh
Grad. Asst., Dept. of Civ. Engrg. and Engrg. Mech., Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721
C. S. Desai, Fellow, ASCE
Prof., Dept. of Civ. Engrg. and Engrg. Mech., Univ. of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share