TECHNICAL PAPERS
Mar 1, 1985

Dynamic Determination of Pile Capacity

Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 111, Issue 3

Abstract

A method is presented for determining the axial static pile capacity from dynamic measurements of force and acceleration made under the impact of a large hammer. The basic equation for calculation of the forces resisting pile penetration is derived. The limitations of the basic resistance equation are discussed and illustrative examples of field measurements are given. With the availability of this derivation, it is possible to prove that the Case Pile Wave Analysis Program (CAPWAP) resistance force distribution is unique. Using the assumption that the resistance to penetration can be divided into static and dynamic parts, an expression is developed for calculating the dynamic, resistance to penetration. The resulting method requires the selection of a damping constant which is shown empirically, to relate to soil size distribution. A correlation of Case Method capacity and the capacity observed in static logd tests is given for 69 statically tested piles that were also tested dynamically.

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References

1.
Fellenius, B. H., “The Analysis of Results from Routine Pile Load Tests,” Ground Engineering, Foundations Publications, Ltd., Vol. 13, No. 6, 1980, pp. 19–31.
2.
Glanville, W. H., Grime, G., Fox, E. N., Davies, W. W., “An Investigation of the Stresses in Reinforced Concrete Piles during Driving,” Technical Paper No. 20, British Building Research Station, London, England, 1938.
3.
Goble, G. G., Kovacs, W. D., and Rausche, F., “Field Demonstration: Response of Instrumented Piles to Driving and Load Testing,” Proceedings of the Specialty Conference on Performance of Earth and Earth‐Supported Structures, Vol. III, Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, June, 1972.
4.
Goble, G. G., Likins, G. E., and Rausche, F., “Bearing Capacity of Piles from Dynamic Measurements,” Final Report, Department of Civil Engineering, Case Western Reserve Univ., Cleveland, Ohio, Mar., 1975.
5.
Goble, G. G., Rausche, F., and Moses, F., “Dynamic Studies on the Bearing Capacity of Piles, Phase III,” Report No. 48, Division of Solid Mechanics, Structures and Mechanical Design, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, 1970.
6.
Goble, G. G., Scanlan, R. H., and Tomko, J. J., “Dynamic Studies on the Bearing Capacity of Piles,” Vols I and II, Case Institute of Technology, Cleveland, Ohio, July, 1967.
7.
Goble, G. G., Tomko, J. J., Rausche, F., and Green, P. M., “Dynamic Studies on the Bearing Capacity of Piles, Phase II,” Report No. 31, Vols. I and II, Division of Solid Mechanics, Structures and Mechanical Design, Case Western Reserve University, July, 1968.
8.
Likins, G. E., “Pile Installation Difficulties in Soils with Large Quakes,” Symposium on Dynamic Measurements of Piles and Piers, G. G. Goble, ed., ASCE Convention, Philadelphia, Pa., May, 1983.
9.
Likins, G. E., “Field Measurements and the Pile Driving Analyzer,” Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on the Application of Stress Wave Theory on Piles, Stockholm, Sweden, May, 1984.
10.
Michigan State Highway Commission, “A Performance Investigation of Pile Driving Hammers and Piles,” Final Report, Lansing, Mich., Mar., 1965.
11.
Peck, R. B., Hanson, W. E., and Thornburn, T. H., Foundation Engineering, 2nd ed., Wiley and Sons, New York, N.Y., 1974.
12.
Rausche, F., “Soil Response from Dynamic Analysis and Measurements on Piles,” thesis presented to the Case Western Reserve University, at Cleveland, Ohio, in 1970, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
13.
Rausche, F., “Stress Wave Measuring in Practice,” Theme Lecture and Paper for 2nd International Conference on the Application of Stress Wave Theory on Piles, Stockholm, Sweden, May, 1984.
14.
Rausche, F., Goble, G. G., and Moses, F., “A New Testing Procedure for Axial Pile Strength,” Third Annual Offshore Technology Conference, Paper No. OTC 1481, Houston, Tex., 1971.
15.
Rausche, F., Moses, F., and Goble, G. G., “Soil Resistance Predictions from Pile Dynamics,” Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, Vol. 98, No. SM9, Proc. Paper 9220, Sept., 1972.
16.
Screwvala, F. N., discussion of “Soil Resistance Predictions from Pile Dynamics,” Rausche, F., Moses, F., and Goble, G. G., Journal of the Soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, ASCE, Vol. 98, No. SM9, Sept., 1972,
Vol. 99, No. SM5, May, 1973.
17.
Smith, E. A. L., “Pile Driving Analysis by the Wave Equation,” Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundations, ASCE, Vol. 86, Aug., 1960.
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Timoshenko, S. P., and Goodier, J. N., Theory of Elasticity, 3rd ed., McGraw‐Hill Book Company, New York, N.Y., 1970.

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Go to Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 111Issue 3March 1985
Pages: 367 - 383

History

Published online: Mar 1, 1985
Published in print: Mar 1985

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Authors

Affiliations

Frank Rausche, M. ASCE
Pres., Goble, Rausche, Likins and Assoc., Inc., 4423 Emery Industrial Parkway, Warrensville Heights, Ohio 44128
George G. Goble, M. ASCE
Prof., Dept. of Civ., Environmental and Architectural Engrg., Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, Colo. 80309
Garland E. Likins, Jr.
Pres., Pile Dynamics, Inc., 4423 Emery Industrial Parkway, Warrensville Heights, Ohio 44128

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