TECHNICAL PAPERS
Feb 1, 1985

Real and Apparent Relaxation of Driven Piles

Publication: Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 111, Issue 2

Abstract

Relaxation, defined as a decrease in bearing capacity of driven piles with time after initial driving, has been observed to be a rare phenomenon in southern Canadian geotechnical conditions. It has been encountered by the writers with piles driven to end bearing in shale of the Georgian Bay Formation in the Bayfront area of downtown Toronto, Ontario. In this case, the approach of increasing the end area of the piles to reduce the bearing pressure has been counter‐productive. In other founding conditions, a reduction in driving resistance between the end of initial driving and the beginning of redrive has not indicated a reduction in bearing capacity, but rather an increase in the developed force from the pile hammer. It appears to be primarily associated with the use of single‐acting diesel hammers.

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References

1.
Ashton, W. D., and Schwartz, P. H., “H‐Bearing Piles in Limestone and Clay Shales,” Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 100, No. GT7, July 1974.
2.
Bjerrum, L., “Norwegian Experience with Steel Piles to Rock,” Geotechnique, Vol. VII, 1957, pp. 73–96.
3.
Chellis, R. D., Pile Foundations, McGraw‐Hill Book Company Inc., New York, N.Y., 1961.
4.
Fallanius, B. H., Samson, L., Thompson, D. E., and Trow, W. A., “Dynamic Behaviour of Foundation Piles and Driving Equipment,” First Report, Research Contract No. 1ST00045, Terratesh Ltd. and the Trow Group Ltd. For the Dept. of Supply and Services, Canada, 1978, p. 520.
5.
Finn, W. D. L., Pickering, D. J., and Bransby, P. L., “Sand Liquefaction in Triaxial and Simple Shear Tests,” Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 97, No. SM4, Apr., 1971.
6.
George, A. B., Sherrell, F. W., and Tomlinson, M. J., “The Behaviour of Steel H‐Piles in Slaty Mudstone,” Piles in Weak Rock, Thomas Telford for the I.C.E., London, England, 1977.
7.
Goble, G. G., Rausche, F., and Lichens, G., “The Case Method,” paper presented at the Fourth Case Pile Seminar, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, Mar., 1975.
8.
Seed, H. B., and Peacock, W. H., “Test Procedures for Measuring Soil Liquefaction Characteristics,” Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Aug., 1971.
9.
Thompson, C. D., “New Approaches to Control Pile Driving,” Proceedings of Regional Technical Conference, Canadian Society for Civil Engineering, Sudbury, Canada, Feb., 1977.
10.
Tomlinson, M. J., “Pile Design and Construction Practice,” published by Cement and Concrete Assoc., London, England, 1977.
11.
Yang, N. C., “Redriving Characteristics of Piles,” Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 82, No. SM3, July, 1956.
12.
Yang, N. C., “Relaxation of Piles in Sand and Inorganic Silt,” Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol. 96, No. SM2, Mar., 1970.

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Go to Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Journal of Geotechnical Engineering
Volume 111Issue 2February 1985
Pages: 225 - 237

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Published online: Feb 1, 1985
Published in print: Feb 1985

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Authors

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Christopher David Thompson, M. ASCE
General Manager, Trow Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Canada
David Elliot Thompson
Manager of the Oshawa Office, Trow Ltd., Whitby, Ontario, Canada

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