Viscous Heating of Fluid Dampers under Small and Large Amplitude Motions: Experimental Studies and Parametric Modeling
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 133, Issue 5
Abstract
This paper summarizes the results from a comprehensive experimental program in an effort to better understand the phenomenon of viscous heating of fluid dampers under small-stroke (wind loading) and large-stroke (earthquake loading) motions. Two dampers, one with 15-kip and one with 250-kip force output at peak design velocity, have been instrumented and tested under various amplitudes and frequencies. Temperature histories at different locations along the damper casing and within the silicon fluid that undergoes the shearing action have been recorded. Experimental data under small-stroke motions of the 250-kip damper showed that a single closed-form expression derived from first principles is capable of predicting the temperature rise at different locations of the damper with fidelity. The recorded data under long-stroke motions suggest a two-parameter law of cooling that allows the estimation of the internal temperature of the silicon oil once the external temperature on the damper casing is known. The presented cooling law is an extension of Newton’s law of cooling. The study concludes that for both dampers, the same values of the model parameters provide a good approximation of the cooling behavior. The study presents a valuable formula that can be used in practice to estimate the internal fluid temperature of the damper given the external shell temperature.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
Financial support for this study was provided by the California Department of Transportation under Grant RTA-59A298. Valuable technical assistance during the design and construction of the damper testing machine was provided by Don Clyde and Wes Neighbour at the Richmond Field Station, Structural Engineering Laboratory of the University of California, Berkeley. The valuable input and comments of Saad El-Azazy and Allaoua Kartoum from Caltrans are also appreciated.
References
Abramowitz, M., and Stegun, I. A. (1970). Handbook of mathematical functions with formulas, graphs, and mathematical tables, Dover, New York.
Black, C., and Makris, N. (2006). “Viscous heating of fluid dampers under wind and seismic loading: Experimental studies, mathematical modelling and design formulae.” EERC Technical Rep. No. 2006/01, Earthquake Engineering Research Center, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
Boley, B. A., and Weiner, J. H. (1997). Theory of thermal stresses, Dover, New York.
Delis, E. A., Malla, R. B., Madani, M., and Thompson, K. J. (1996). “Energy dissipation devices in bridges using hydraulic dampers.” Proc., Structures Congress XIV, Chicago, 188–196.
“Hospital girds for quake.” (1995). ENR, 11, 24–26.
Jakob, M., and Hawkins, G. A. (1942). Elements of heat transfer and insulation, Wiley, New York.
Kakac, S., and Yener, Y. (1993). Heat conduction, 3rd Ed., Taylor and Francis, Washington, D.C.
Makris, N. (1998). “Viscous heating of fluid dampers. I: Small-amplitude motions.” J. Eng. Mech., 124(11), 1210–1216.
Makris, N., and Zhang, J. (2004). “Seismic response analysis of a highway overcrossing equipped with elastomeric bearings and fluid dampers.” J. Struct. Eng., 130(6), 830–845.
Makris, N., Roussos, Y., Whittaker, A. S., and Kelly, J. (1998). “Viscous heating of fluid dampers. II: Large-amplitude motions.” J. Eng. Mech., 124(11), 1217–1223.
Miyamoto, H. K., and Scholl, R. E. (1997). “Design of steel pyramid using seismic dampers.” Proc., Structures Congress XV.
Papanikolas, P. K. (2002). “Deck superstructure and cable stays of the Rion-Antirion Bridge.” Proc., 4th National Conference on Steel Structures.
Shackelford, J. F., Alexander, W., and Park, J. S. (1994). Materials science and engineering handbook, CRC, Boca Raton, Fla.
Zhang, J., Makris, N., and Delis, T. (2004). “Structural characterization of modern highway overcrossings—Case study.” J. Struct. Eng., 130(6). 846–860.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: Oct 4, 2005
Accepted: Mar 24, 2006
Published online: May 1, 2007
Published in print: May 2007
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Lambros S. Katafygiotis
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.