Rate-Independent and Rate-Dependent Models for Hysteretic Behavior of Elastomers
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 133, Issue 11
Abstract
Rate-independent and rate-dependent models are presented for the hysteretic shear stress-strain behavior of elastomeric damping materials. A rate-independent hysteretic model, called the general asymptote and power function (GAPF) model, is presented that simulates different types of hysteretic behavior depending on the selected asymptote function. A rate-dependent hysteretic model, formed from a parallel combination of the GAPF model and a dashpot, is also presented which simulates loading frequency dependent behavior in addition to strain amplitude dependent behavior. Closed-form expressions for the shear stress as a function of shear strain are provided for each model. The models are calibrated for three different damping materials, and good correlation between experimental and analytical hysteretic behavior is observed. The models are investigated under variable cyclic loading. To prevent unrealistic stress values (overshooting) after a small strain reversal followed by reloading, a sequential asymptote model is introduced, based on the GAPF model. The hysteretic models were incorporated into a finite-element program within an elastomeric damper element, and the results of nonlinear time history analyses of a building structure with elastomeric dampers under simulated earthquake loading are presented to illustrate behavior of the hysteretic models under several loading histories.
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Acknowledgments
The research was conducted at the Advanced Technology for Large Structural Systems (ATLSS) Center at Lehigh University. The writers acknowledge the support of the Malaysian Rubber Board and the Pennsylvania Infrastructure Technology Alliance (PITA) through a grant from the PA Department of Community and Economic Development. Data for materials EDM1 and EDM2 were provided by Russ Warley, formerly with the Lord Corporation and now with Penn State Erie. The writers also acknowledge Shannon Sweeney of Penn State Erie, and Kamarudin Ab-Malek of the Malaysian Rubber Board for their contributions to the research. The findings, opinions, and conclusions expressed in the paper are the writers’ and do not necessarily reflect the opinions of those acknowledged here.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 133 • Issue 11 • November 2007
Pages: 1162 - 1170
Copyright
© 2007 ASCE.
History
Received: May 13, 2005
Accepted: Apr 19, 2007
Published online: Nov 1, 2007
Published in print: Nov 2007
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Majid T. Manzari
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