Two-Phase Analysis of Vertical Sediment-Laden Jets
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 131, Issue 3
Abstract
In this study, we investigated a vertical dilute sediment-laden jet both experimentally and theoretically. First, an instantaneous whole-field velocimetry tool, particle image velocimetry, was applied to measure the sediment and fluid mean and fluctuating velocities of a downward sediment-laden jet at the same time. Subsequently, an analysis was performed based on two-phase conservation equations for both downward and upward jets. The analysis shows that the mean sediment velocity can be taken as the sum of fluid velocity and the settling velocity in both cases. For the downward jets, the decay rate of the centerline sediment concentration increases with the sediment settling velocity while decreases with the initial discharge velocity. The zone of flow establishment for the sediment velocity is found to be longer than that of the fluid. For the upward jets, the maximum rise of the sediment particles and their deposition distribution on the ground were derived theoretically. The predicted results compare well to the experimental data in the literature.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Al Taweel, A. M., and Landau, J. (1977). “Turbulence modulation in two-phase jets.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 3, 341–351.
Aziz, N. M., Bhattacharys, S. K., and Prasad, S. N. (1992). “Suspended sediment concentration profiles using conservation laws.” J. Hydraul. Res., 30(4), 539–554.
Chapman, S., and Cowling, T. G. (1973). The mathematical theory of non-uniform gases, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
Dahm, W. J. A., and Dimotakis, P. E. (1990). “Mixing at large Schmidt number in the self-similar far field of turbulent jets.” J. Fluid Mech., 217, 299–330.
De Felice, R. (1994). “The voidage function for fluid particle interaction systems.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 20(1), 153–159.
Enwald, H., Peirano, E., and Almstedt, A. (1996). “Eulerian two-phase flow theory applied to fluidization.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 22, Suppl., 21–66.
Fan, J. H., Wu, D. Y., and Cheng, M. (1964). “Sediments settling in turbulence flow.” Report, China Institute of Water Resource and Waterpower.
Field, W. G. (1968). “Effects of density ratio on sedimentary similitude.” J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 94(3), 705–720.
Greimann, B. P., and Holly, F. M., Jr. (2001). “Two-phase flow analysis of concentration profiles.” J. Hydraul. Eng., 127(9), 753–762.
Greimann, B. P., Muste, M., and Holly, F. M., Jr. (1999). “Two-phase formulation of suspended sediment transport.” J. Hydraul. Res., 127(4), 479–500.
Ishii, M. (1975). Thermo-fluid dynamic theory of two-phase flow, Eyrolles, Paris.
Jiang, J. S., Law, A. W. K., and Cheng, N. S. (2004). “Two-phase modeling of suspended sediment distribution in open channel flows.” J. Hydraul. Res., 42(3), 273–281.
Jobson, H. E., and Sayre, W. W. (1970). “Vertical transfer in open channel flow.” J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 96(3), 703–724.
Lee, S. L., and Durst, F. (1982). “On the motion of particles in turbulent flow.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 8, 125–146.
Liu, D. Y. (1993). Fluid dynamics of two-phase systems, Higher Education Press, Beijing, China (in Chinese).
McTigue, D. F. (1981). “Mixture theory for suspended sediment transport.” J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 107(6), 659–673.
Muste, M., Fujta, I., and Kruger, A. (1998). “Experimental comparison of two laser-based velocimeters for flows with alluvial sand.” Exp. Fluids, 24, 273–284.
Neves, M. J., and Fernando, H. (1995). “Sedimentation of particles from jets discharged by ocean outfalls: A theoretical and laboratory study.” Water Sci. Technol., 32(2), 133–139.
Ooms, G., Gunning, J., Poelma, C., and Westerweel, J. (2002). “On the influence of the particles-fluid interaction on the turbulent diffusion in a suspension.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 28, 177–197.
Papanicolaou, P. N. (1984). “Mass and momentum transport in a turbulent buoyant vertical axisymmetric jet.” PhD thesis, W. M. Keck Laboratory of Hydraulics and Water Resources, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif.
Parthasarathy, R. N., and Faeth, G. M. (1987). “Structure of particle-laden turbulent water jets in still water.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 13(5), 699–716.
Rodi, W. (1984). Turbulence models and their application in hydraulics, Published by IAHR Section on Fundamentals of Division II: Experimental and Mathematical Fluid Dynamics.
Shuen, J. S., Chen, L. D., and Faeth, G. M. (1983a). “Evaluation of a stochastic model of particle dispersion in a turbulent round jet.” AIChE J., 29, 167–170.
Shuen, J. S., Chen, L. D., and Faeth, G. M. (1983b). “Predictions of the structure of turbulent, particle-laden, round jets.” AIChE J., 21, 1480–1483.
Shuen, J. S., Solomon, A. S. P., Zhang, Q. F., and Faeth, G. M. (1985). “Structure of particle-laden jets: Measurements and predictions.” AIAA J., 23, 396–404.
Singamsetti, S. R. (1966). “Diffusion of sediment in a submerged jet.” J. Hydraul. Div., Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 92(2), 153–168.
Sun, T. Y., and Faeth, G. M. (1986). “Structure of turbulent bubby jets -I. Methods and centerline properties;-II. Phase property profiles.” Int. J. Multiphase Flow, 12, 99–126.
Sun, T. Y., Parthasarathy, R. N., and Faeth, G. M. (1986). “Structure of bubbly round condensing jets.” J. Heat Transfer, 108, 951–959.
Wang, H. W., and Law, A. W. K. (2002). “Second-order integral model for a round buoyant jet.” J. Fluid Mech., 459, 397–428.
Weisgraber, T. H., and Liepamann, D. (1998). “Turbulent structure during transition to self-similarity in a round jet.” Exp. Fluids, 24, 210–224.
Zhang, Z. X., and Dong, Z. N. (1999). Viscous flow dynamics, Tsinghua University Press, Beijing, China (in Chinese).
Zijnen, B. G. (1958). “Measurements of the velocity distribution in a plane turbulent jet of air.” Appl. Sci. Res., Sect. A, 7, 256–276.
Zisselmar, R., and Molerus, O. (1978). “Investigation of solid-liquid pipe flow with regard to turbulence modification.” Proc., Int. Symposium on Momentum, Heat and Mass Transfer in Two-phase Energy and Chemical Systems, Dubrovnik, Yugoslavia.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Nov 8, 2002
Accepted: May 18, 2004
Published online: Mar 1, 2005
Published in print: Mar 2005
Notes
Note. Associate Editor: Michelle H. Teng
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.