System Identification Approach to Detection of Structural Changes
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 117, Issue 2
Abstract
This paper explores the potential of a time‐domain identification procedure to detect structural changes on the basis of noise‐polluted measurements. The method of approach requires the use of excitation and acceleration response records, to develop an equivalent multi‐degree‐of‐freedom (MDOF) mathematical model whose order is compatible with the number of sensors used. Application of the identification procedure under discussion yields the optimum value of the elements of equivalent linear system matrices. By performing the identification task before and after potential structural changes (damage) in the physical system have occurred, quantifiable changes in the identified mathematical model can be detected. The usefulness of the identification procedure under discussion for damage detection is demonstrated by means of an example three‐degree‐of‐freedom (DOF) linear system. This system is used to conduct synthetic experiments to generate noise‐polluted “data” sets that are subsequently analyzed to determine the mean, variance, and probability density function corresponding to each element of the identified system matrices. Different versions of the model are investigated in which the location as well as the magnitude of the “damage” is varied. On the basis of this exploratory study, it appears that determining the probability density functions of the identified system matrices may furnish useful indices that can be conveniently extracted during an experimental test, to quantify changes in the characteristics of physical systems.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Agbabian, M. S., and Masri, S. F., (eds.), (1988). Proc. Int. Workshop on Nondestructive Evaluation for Performance of Civil Structures, Univ. of Southern California.
2.
Agbabian, M. S., Masri, S. F., Miller, R. K., and Caughey, T. K. (1988). “A system identification approach to the detection of changes in structural parameters.” Structural Safety Evaluation Based on System Identification Approaches, Proceedings of the Workshop at Lambrecht/Pfatz, 29 June to 1 July 1987, H. G. Natke and J. T. P. Yao, eds., Frieder Vieweg and Sohn, Braunschweig, Germany, 341–356.
3.
Aktan, A. E., Hogue, T. D., and Hoyos, A. (1988). “Regional identification of civil engineered structures.” Proc., Int. Workshop on Nondestructive Evaluation for Performance of Civ. Structures, Univ. of Southern California, 135–180.
4.
Beck, J. L. (1978). “Determining models of structures from earthquake records.” Report No. EERL 78‐01, California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, Calif.
5.
Bedewi, N. E. (1986). “The mathematical foundation of the auto and cross random decrement techniques and the development of a system identification technique for the detection of structural deterioration,” thesis presented to the University of Maryland, at College Park, Md., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
6.
Bedewi, N. E., Kung, D. N., Yang, J. C. S., and Qi, G.‐z. (1988). “The assessment of damage in composites using the random decrement system identification technique.” Report No. JPL D‐5574, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, Calif., Mar. 22–24, 1099–1111.
7.
Beliveau, J.‐G., and Huston, D. (1988). “Modal testing of cable‐stayed pedestrian bridge.” Proc. Int. Workshop on Nondestructive Evaluation for Performance of Civ. Structures, Univ. of Southern California, 193–202.
8.
Biswas, M., Pandey, A. K., and Samman, M. M. (1989). “Diagnostic experimental spectral/modal analysis of a highway bridge.” Int. J. Analytical and Experimental Modal Analysis, 5(1), 33–42.
9.
Cawley, P., and Adams, R. D. (1979). “The location of defects in structures from measurements of natural frequencies.” J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des., 14(2), 49.
10.
Chen, J. C. (1988). “Damage assessment technology for large space systems.” Report No. JPL D‐5574, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, Calif., Mar., 1099–1111.
11.
Chen, J.‐Ch., and Garba, J. A. (1988). “Structural damage assessment using a system identification technique.” Structural safety evaluation based on system identification approaches, Proceedings of the Workshop at Lambrecht/Pfatz, 29 June to 1 July 1987, H. G. Natke and J. T. P. Yao, eds., Frieder Vieweg and Sohn, Braunschweig, Germany, 474–498.
12.
Clark, R. N., Fosth, D. C., and Walton, V. M. (1975). “Detecting instrument malfunctions in control systems.” IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., 11(4), 465–473.
13.
Coppolino, R. N. (1988). “Evaluation of structural integrity using integrated testing and analysis.” Report No. JPL D‐5574, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, Calif., Mar. 22–24, 1099–1111.
14.
Di Pasquale, E., and Cakmak, A. S. (1987). “Damage assessment from earthquake records.” Structures and stochastic methods, Elsevier, Amsterdam, the Netherlands, 123–138.
15.
Ewins, D. J. (1984). Modal testing: Theory and practice. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
16.
Flesch, R. G., and Kernbichler, K. (1988). “A dynamic method for the safety inspection of large prestressed bridges.” Proc. Int. Workshop on Nondestructive Evaluation for Performance of Civ. Structures, Univ. of Southern California, 218–230.
17.
Gustafson, D. E., Willsky, A. S., Wang, J.‐Y., Lancaster, M. C., and Triebwasser, J. H. (1978a). “ECG/VCG rhythm diagnosis using statistical signal analysis—I: Identification of persistent rhythms.” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 25(4), 344–353.
18.
Gustafson, D. E., Willsky, A. S., Wang, J.‐Y., Lancaster, M. C., and Triebwasser, J. H. (1978b). “ECG/VCG rhythm diagnosis using statistical signal analysis—II. Identification of persistent rhythm.” IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., 25(4), 353–361.
19.
Iwan, W. D. (1988). “Predicting damage and future earthquake performance of buildings based on data from past earthquakes.” Proc. Int. Workshop on Nondestructive Evaluation For Performance of Civ. Structures, Univ. of Southern California, 241.
20.
Jeong, G. D., Stubbs, N., and Yao, J. T. P. (1988). “Assessment and control of structural damage.” Report No. JPL D‐5574, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, Calif., March 22–24, 1056–1098.
21.
Masri, S. F., Miller, R. K., Saud, A. F., and Caughey, T. K. (1987a). “Identification of nonlinear vibrating structures; Part I: Formulation.” J. Appl. Mech. Trans. ASME, 109, Dec., 918–922.
22.
Masri, S. F., Miller, R. K., Saud, A. F., and Caughey, T. K. (1987b). “Identification of nonlinear vibrating structures; Part II: Applications.” J. Appl. Mech. Trans. ASME, 109, Dec., 923–929.
23.
Natke, H. G., and Yao, J. T. P. (1986). “Research topics in structural identification.” Proc. Third Conf. on Dynamic Response of Structures, ASCE, Mar. 31–Apr. 2.
24.
Natke, H. G., and Yao, J. T. P. (1988). “System identification approaches in structural safety evaluation.” Structural safety evaluation based on system identification approaches, Proceedings of the Workshop at Lambrecht/Pfatz, 29 June to 1 July 1987, H. G. Natke and J. T. P. Yao, eds., Frieder Vieweg and Sohn, Braunschweig, Germany, 460–473.
25.
Nelson, R. B., and Fourney, M. E. (1988). “Structural identification and damage assessment of large space structures.” Report No. JPL D‐5574, Jet Propulsion Lab., California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, Calif., March, 22–24, 1099–1111.
26.
Stephens, J. E. (1985). “Structural damage assessment using response measurements,” thesis presented to Purdue University, at West Lafayette, Ind., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
27.
Willsky, A. S. (1976). “A survey of design methods for failure detection.” Automatica, 12, 601–611.
28.
Willsky, A. S., Chow, E. Y., Gershwin, S. B., Greene, C. S., Houpt, P. K., and Kurkjian, A. L. (1980). “Dynamic model‐based techniques for the detection of incidents on freeways.” IEEE Trans. Autom. Control, 25(3), 347–360.
29.
Yang, J. C. S., Tsai, T., Tsai, W. H., and Chen, R. Z. (1985). “Detection and identification of structural damage from dynamic response measurements.” Proc. Fourth Int. Symp. on Offshore Mech. and Arctic Engrg., Feb.
30.
Yao, J. T. P. (1985). Safety and reliability of existing structures. Pitman Advanced Publishing Program, Boston, Mass.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
Copyright © 1991 ASCE.
History
Published online: Feb 1, 1991
Published in print: Feb 1991
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.