Three‐Dimensional Analysis of Pressures on Dams
Publication: Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 116, Issue 6
Abstract
A span‐wise variation of nonlinear hydrodynamic pressures on dams during earthquakes was studied using a finite‐difference approximation of Euler's equations coupled with the nonlinear free‐surface boundary condition. The pressure distribution was sensitive to both the longitudinal and lateral components of the ground motion. The dynamic effect of reservoir banks would increase with the dam width. The inward motion of a reservoir bank produced higher pressures on one side while the outward motion of the other bank resulted in a reduction in hydrodynamic pressures. The combined effect can be effectively obtained when the geometric parameters of a dam/reservoir system, the changes in water surface, and the earthquake force are cast in the equations of motion. In this case, the time‐dependent water surface is transformed to the horizontal plane, and the flow field is mapped onto a cubic region, making it convenient to model the complex reservoir geometry and the wavy water surface by the finite‐difference method.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Chopra, A. K. (1967). “Hydrodynamic pressures on dams during earthquakes.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 93(6), 205–223.
2.
Clough, R. W., et al. (1985). “Dynamic interaction effects in arch dams.” Report No. UCB/EERC‐85/1, Univ. of California, Berkeley, Calif.
3.
Chwang, A. T. (1978). “Hydrodynamic pressures on sloping dams during earthquakes: Part 2. Exact theory.” J. Fluid Mech., 87(2), 343–348.
4.
Chwang, A. T. (1983). “Nonlinear hydrodynamic pressure on an accelerating plate.” J. Phys. Fluids, 26(2), 383–387.
5.
Hung, T. K. (1987). “Hydrodynamic pressure on dam during earthquake.” Proc. Int. Conf. on Fluid Mechanics, 334–339.
6.
Hung, T. K., and Chen, B. F. (1990). “Nonlinear hydrodynamic pressure on dams.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 116(6), 1372–1391.
7.
Hung, T. K., and Wang, M. H. (1987). “Nonlinear hydrodynamic pressure on rigid dam motion.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 113(4), 482–498.
8.
Liu, P. L. F. (1986). “Hydrodynamic pressures on rigid dams during earthquake.” J. Fluid Mech., 165, Apr., 131–145.
9.
Macagno, E. O., and Hung, T. K. (1967). “Computational and experimental study of a captive annular eddy.” J. Fluid Mech., 28(1), 43–64.
10.
Milne, W. E. (1953). Numerical solution of differential equations. John Wiley & Sons, New York, N.Y.
11.
Rashed, A. A., and Iwan, W. D. (1984). “Hydrodynamic pressure on short‐length gravity dams.” J. Engrg. Mech., ASCE, 110(9), 1264–1283.
12.
Sanchez‐Sesma, F. J., and Rosenblueth, E. (1977). “Hydrodynamic pressure in semicylindrical reservoir.” J. Engrg. Mech. Div., ASCE, 103(5), 913–919.
13.
Streeter, V. L., Keitzer, W. F., and Bohr, D. F. (1963). “Energy dissipation in pulsatile flow through distensible taper vessels.” Pulsatile blood flow, E. O. Attinger, ed., McGraw‐Hill, New York, N.Y., 149–177.
14.
Wang, M. H. (1985). “Nonlinear hydrodynamic analysis on dam during earthquake,” thesis presented to the University of Pittsburgh, at Pittsburgh, Pa., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
15.
von Karman, T. (1933). Discussion of “water pressures on dams during earthquakes.” by H. M. Westergaard. Trans., ASCE, 98, 434–436.
16.
Westergaard, H. M. (1933). “Water pressures on dams during earthquakes.” Trans., ASCE, 98, 418–433.
17.
Wiegel, R. L. (1970). Earthquake engineering. Prentice‐Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
18.
Zeinkiewicz, O. C., and Newton, R. E. (1969). “Coupled vibrations of a structuresubmerged in compressible fluid.” Proc., Int. Symp. on Finite Element Techniques, Stuttgart, West Germany, 359–379.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Engineering Mechanics
Volume 116 • Issue 6 • June 1990
Pages: 1290 - 1304
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 ASCE.
History
Published online: Jun 1, 1990
Published in print: Jun 1990
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.