TECHNICAL PAPERS
Aug 14, 2009

VICAS—An Operating Protocol to Measure the Distributions of Suspended Solid Settling Velocities within Urban Drainage Samples

Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 9

Abstract

To meet the need for an operating protocol to measure the distributions of suspended solid settling velocities within urban drainage, the CEREVE research laboratory has developed and validated the VICAS protocol. This procedure makes it possible, through the use of a compact, inexpensive and easy-to-operate settling column, to measure the settling velocity of suspended solids conveyed by either storm water or combined sewage, immediately after collecting a reduced volume sample (4.5 L), and without any pretreatment steps. Two measurement data processing methods were developed and may be easily implemented by means of a series of macros written in Excel. Tests were also conducted for the purpose of evaluating the level of measurement uncertainty specific to the protocol.

Get full access to this article

View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.

References

Aiguier, E., Chebbo, G., Bertrand-Krajewski, J. L., Hedges, P., and Tyack, N. (1996). “Methods for determining the settling velocity profiles of solids in storm sewage.” Water Sci. Technol., 33(9), 117–125.
Andral, M. C., Roger, S., Montrejaud-Vignoles, M., and Herremans, L. (1999). “Particle size distribution and hydrodynamic characteristics of solid matter carried by runoff from motorways.” Water Environ. Res., 71(4), 398–407.
Anta, J., Pena, E., Suarez, J., and Cagiao, J. (2006). “A BMP selection process based on the granulometry of runoff solids in a separate urban catchment.” Water SA, 32(3), 419–427.
Ashley, R., Bertrand-Krajewski, J. -L., Hvitved-Jacobsen, T., and Verbanck, M. (2004). “Solids in sewers. Characteristics, effects and control of sewer solids and associated pollutants.” Scientific and Technical Rep. No. 14, Joint Committee on Urban Drainage, Sewer Systems and Processes Working Group, IWA Publishing, London.
Bäckström, M. (2002). “Sediment transport in grassed swales during simulated runoff events.” Water Sci. Technol., 45(7), 41–49.
Bertrand-Krajewski, J. L. (2001). “Détermination des vitesses de chute des polluants des rejets urbains par ajustement numérique de la courbe M(t) pour le protocole VICTOR.” Research Rep. Prepared for Institut National des Sciences Appliquées, INSA, Lyon, France.
Brombach, H., Michelbach, S., and Wöhrle, C. (1993). “Feststoffe in der Mischwasserkanalisation.” Korrespondenz Abwasser, 12, 1910–1926.
Chancelier, J. P., Chebbo, G., and Lucas-Aiguier, E. (1998). “Estimation of settling velocities.” Water Res., 32(11), 3461–3471.
Chebbo, G. (1992). “Suspended-solids in urban wet weather discharges: Characteristics and treatability.” Ph.D. thesis, Ecole nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, Paris (in French).
Chebbo, G., and Bachoc, A. (1992). “Characterization of suspended-solids in urban wet weather discharges.” Water Sci. Technol., 25(8), 171–179.
Chebbo, G., Gromaire, M. C., and Lucas, E. (2003). “Vicas protocol: Measurement of SS settling velocities in urban effluents.” TSM, 12, 39–49 (in French).
Fugate, D., and Chant, B. (2006). “Aggregate settling velocity of combined sewage overflow.” Mar. Pollution Bull., 52, 427–432.
Furumai, H., Balmer, H., and Boller, M. (2002). “Dynamic behavior of suspended pollutants and particle size distribution in highway runoff.” Water Sci. Technol., 46(11–12), 413–418.
Gromaire, M. C., Garnaud, S., Saad, M., and Chebbo, G. (2001). “Contribution of different sources to the pollution of wet weather flows in combined sewers.” Water Res., 35(2), 521–533.
Gromaire, M. C., Saad, M., and Chebbo, G. (2007). “Settling velocity grading of particle bound pollutants—Evaluation of settling column tests.” Proc., 5th Int. Conf. Sewer Processes and Networks, IWA JCUD, London, 145–154.
Hedges, P., and Chebbo, G. (1995). “Recommendations for the presentation and the description of stormwater and sewage solids settling velocities.” Proc., Task group at the IAWQ/IAHR Int. Conf. on Sewer Solids, IWA JCUD, London.
Jacopin, C., Bertrand-Krajewski, J. L., and Desbordes, M. (1999). “Characterization and settling of solids in an open, grassed, stormwater sewer network detention basin.” Water Sci. Technol., 39(2), 135–144.
Jaumouillié, P., and Larrarte, F. (2002). “Experimental studies of settling velocities of suspended solids in sewers.” Proc., Int. Conf. Transport and sedimentation of solid particles, University of Ghent, Belgium.
Legret, M., and Pagotto, C. (1999). “Evaluation of pollutant loadings in the runoff waters from a major rural highway.” Sci. Total Environ., 235(1–3), 143–150.
Li, Y. X., Lau, S. L., Kayhanian, M., and Stenstrom, M. K. (2006). “Dynamic characteristics of particle size distribution in highway runoff: Implications for settling tank design.” J. Environ. Eng., 132(8), 852–861.
Lucas-Aiguier, E., Chebbo, G., Bertrand-Krajewski, J. L., Gagne, B., and Hedges, P. (1998). “Analysis of the methods for determining the settling characteristics of sewage and stormwater solids.” Water Sci. Technol., 37(1), 53–60.
Marsalek, J., Krishnappan, B. G., Exall, K., Rochfort, Q., and Stephens, R. P. (2006). “An elutriation apparatus for assessing settleability of combined sewer overflows (CSOs).” Water Sci. Technol., 54(6–7), 223–230.
Michelbach, S., and Wöhrle, C. (1992). “Settleable solids in a combined sewer system—Measurement, quantity, characteristics.” Water Sci. Technol., 25(8), 181–188.
Pisano, W. C. (1996). “Summary: United States ‘sewer solids’ settling characterization methods, results, uses and perspective.” Water Sci. Technol., 33(9), 109–115.
Pisano, W. C., and Brombach, H. (1996). “Solids settling curves.” Water. Sci. Tech., 8(4), 27–33.
Pitt, R., Field, R., Lalor, M., and Brown, M. (1995). “Urban stormwater toxic pollutants—Assessment, sources, and treatability.” Water Environ. Res., 67(3), 260–275.
Sansalone, J. J., and Buchberger, S. G. (1997). “Characterization of solid and metal element distributions in urban highway stormwater.” Water Sci. Technol., 36(8–9), 155–160.
Torres, A., and Bertrand-Krajewski, J. L. (2008). “Evaluation of uncertainties in settling velocities of particles in urban stormwater runoff.” Water Sci. Technol., 57(9), 1389–1396.
Tyack, J. N., Hedges, P. D., and Smisson, R. P. M. (1996). “The relationship between settling velocity grading and the characteristics of the contributing catchment.” Water Sci. Technol., 33(9), 135–142.
Tyack, N., Hedges, P., and Smission, R. (1992). “The use of sewage settling velocity grading in combined sewer overflow design.” Proc., Int. Conf. NOVATECH’92, GRAIE, Lyon, France, 341–348.

Information & Authors

Information

Published In

Go to Journal of Environmental Engineering
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 135Issue 9September 2009
Pages: 768 - 775

History

Received: Nov 27, 2007
Accepted: Mar 26, 2009
Published online: Aug 14, 2009
Published in print: Sep 2009

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Authors

Affiliations

G. Chebbo, Ph.D. [email protected]
Research Director, Université Paris-Est, Cereve, UMR-MA102, AgroParisTech, ENPC, 6-8 Ave. B. Pascal, Cité descartes, 77455 Marne la Vallée Cedex 2, France; and, Faculty of Engineering, Lebanese Univ., Al Hadath, Choueifat, Lebanon. E-mail: [email protected]
M.-C. Gromaire, Ph.D. [email protected]
Res. Sci., Université Paris-Est, Cereve, UMR-MA102, AgroParisTech, ENPC, 6-8 Ave. B. Pascal, Cité Descartes, 77455 Marne la Vallée Cedex 2, France (corresponding author). E-mail: [email protected]

Metrics & Citations

Metrics

Citations

Download citation

If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.

Cited by

View Options

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Get Access

Access content

Please select your options to get access

Log in/Register Log in via your institution (Shibboleth)
ASCE Members: Please log in to see member pricing

Purchase

Save for later Information on ASCE Library Cards
ASCE Library Cards let you download journal articles, proceedings papers, and available book chapters across the entire ASCE Library platform. ASCE Library Cards remain active for 24 months or until all downloads are used. Note: This content will be debited as one download at time of checkout.

Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.
ASCE Library Card (5 downloads)
$105.00
Add to cart
ASCE Library Card (20 downloads)
$280.00
Add to cart
Buy Single Article
$35.00
Add to cart

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Copy the content Link

Share with email

Email a colleague

Share