Impact of Salinity on MS-2 Sorption in Saturated Sand Columns—Fate and Transport Modeling
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 135, Issue 10
Abstract
This research investigated the sorption and transport of MS-2 in saturated sand under a wide range of salinities using one-dimensional column experiments. The salinity varied from 0 ppt (fresh water) to 30 ppt. The MS-2 in the fresh water showed very weak adsorption due to having the same negative charge as the sand. Increasing the salinity concentrations dramatically enhanced MS-2 adsorption. The MS-2 breakthrough revealed the existence of reversible and irreversible sorption sites in the sand. Salinity increased MS-2 attachment by compressing the double layers of MS-2 and reversible sorption sites. The salinity also changed some reversible sorption sites into irreversible sorption sites by reversing to positive surface charges of silica powder. An advection-dispersion-sorption model with a two-site reversible-irreversible kinetic sorption was developed to describe MS-2 breakthrough under different salinity conditions. The sorption parameters were estimated and their independence was evaluated by minimizing the total squared error of the MS-2 data. The proposed model showed good agreement with the experimental data for a wide range of salinity levels from fresh water to near seawater. The strong sorption shown in the MS-2 breakthrough at high salinity levels above 8 ppt was able to distinguish the proposed model from other sorption models. This study promotes the understanding of the viral sorption with salinity and provides a useful model for coastal management of viral migration in saline coastal groundwater.
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Acknowledgments
This research was supported in part by the Louisiana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ), through the Grant No. UNSPECIFIEDCMFS 617540 and the Louisiana Sea Grant College Program under Award No. UNSPECIFIEDNA06OAR417022. We also acknowledge Ms. Sarah Jones and Larry Roach for their assistance in carrying out the experiments and performing the analyses.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 135 • Issue 10 • October 2009
Pages: 1041 - 1050
Copyright
© 2009 ASCE.
History
Received: Oct 9, 2007
Accepted: May 7, 2009
Published online: Sep 15, 2009
Published in print: Oct 2009
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