Estimation of Diffusion Coefficients and Solubilities for Organic Solvents Permeation through High-Density Polyethylene Geomembrane
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 5
Abstract
Experiments on the permeation of several chlorinated and aromatic hydrocarbons through high-density polyethylene (HDPE) geomembranes were conducted using the ASTM F-739 standard test method. The diffusion coefficients were estimated by a one-dimensional diffusion equation based on Fick’s second law, and the solubilities of the solvents in HDPE were determined by the steady state permeation rates. The one-dimensional transient model was able to simulate the permeation concentrations and implied that equilibrium partition between organic solvent and HDPE geomembrane was not achieved during the initial permeation. The solubilities of organic solvents in the HDPE geomembranes obtained by immersion tests or weight gain methods of permeation experiments were not an appropriate boundary condition for the model simulation of permeation. It was found that the diffusion coefficients and solubilities of organic solvents correlated well with their molecular weights and dipole moment, respectively. The present work provides information on the extent of organic compounds permeations through HDPE geomembranes as applied in hazardous waste landfills.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Acknowledgments
The study was financially supported by National Science Council, Taiwan, ROC UNSPECIFIED(NSC92-2211-E-039-001) and China Medical University UNSPECIFIED(CMU92-OSH-07). The writers are grateful to Hui-Kwang Chemical Co. (Taiwan, ROC) for a supply of HDPE geomembranes.
References
American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM). (1996). “Resistance of protective clothing materials to permeation by liquids or gases under conditions of continuous contact (F739).” ASTM F-739-96, Philadelphia.
Aminabhavi, T. M., Munnolli, R. S., and Ortego, J. D. (1996). “Molecular migration of some industrial solvents into fluoropolymer membranes.” Waste Manage., 16(4), 277–287.
Aminabhavi, T. M., and Naik, H. G. (1998). “Chemical compatibility study of geomembranes-sorption/desorption, diffusion and swelling phenomena.” J. Hazard. Mater., 60(2), 175–203.
Aminabhavi, T. M., and Naik, H. G. (1999). “Sorption/desorption, diffusion, permeation and swelling of high density polyethylene geomembrane in the presence of hazardous organic liquid.” J. Hazard. Mater., 64(3), 251–262.
Britton, L. N., Ashman, R. B., Aminabhavi, T. M., and Cassidy, P. E. (1989). “Permeation and diffusion of environmental pollutants through flexible polymers.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 38(2), 227–236.
Chao, K. P., Lee, P. H., and Wu, M. J. (2003). “Organic solvents permeation through protective nitrile gloves.” J. Hazard. Mater., 99(2), 191–201.
Crank, J. (1975). The mathematics of diffusion, Oxford University Press, New York.
Haxo, H. E., and Lahey, T. P. (1988). “Transport of dissolved organics from dilute aqueous solutions through flexible membrane liners.” Hazard. Waste Hazard. Mater., 5(4), 275–294.
LaGrega, M. D., Buckingham, P. L., and Evans, J. C. (1994). Hazardous waste management, McGraw-Hill, New York.
Lide, D. R. (1994). Handbook of chemistry and physics, CRC Press, Boca Raton, Fla.
Munk, P. (1989). Introduction to macromolecular science, Wiley, New York.
Park, J. K., and Nibras, M. (1993). “Mass flux of organic chemicals through polyethylene geomembranes.” Water Environ. Res., 65(3), 227–237.
Park, J. K., Sakti, J. P., and Hoopes, J. A. (1996). “Transport of organic compounds in thermoplastic geomembranes. I: Mathematical model.” J. Environ. Eng., 122(9), 800–806.
Prasad, T. V., Brown, K. W., and Thomas, J. C. (1994). “Diffusion coefficients of organics in high density polyethylene (HDPE).” Waste Manage. Res., 12, 61–71.
Sangam, H. P., and Rowe, R. K. (2001). “Migration of dilute aqueous organic pollutants through HDPE geomembranes.” Geotext. Geomembr., 19(6), 329–357.
Vahdat, N. (1991). “Estimation of diffusion coefficient for solute-polymer systems.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 42(12), 3165–3171.
Vahdat, N., and Sullivan, V. D. (2001). “Estimation of permeation rate of chemicals through elastometric materials.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 79(7), 1265–1272.
Vergnaud, J. M. (1991). Liquid transport processes in polymeric materials: Modeling and industrial applications, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
Zellers, E. T. (1993). “Three-dimensional solubility parameters and chemical protective clothing permeation. I. Modeling the solubility of organic solvents in viton gloves.” J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 50(3), 513–530.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Jun 23, 2004
Accepted: Jul 26, 2005
Published online: May 1, 2006
Published in print: May 2006
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.