Optimization of an Unstructured First-Order Kinetics Model of Cyclically Operated Bioreactors
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 5
Abstract
A procedure for the optimization of an unstructured first-order kinetics model of cyclically operated biological reactors for the biodegradation of a single pollutant is developed using a combination of analytical and numerical tools. Asymptotic analytical profiles for the substrate and biomass for each steady cycle are obtained, which allow the formulation of an analytical design equation that relates the concentration of the pollutant at the end of a steady cycle to all the operating parameters of the bioreactor such as space-time, pollutant feed concentration, filling time, and ratio of minimum to maximum reactor volume. This analytical design equation is used for the systematic construction of practical bifurcation diagrams showing the variations of the pollutant concentration at the end of a cycle with the bioreactor operating parameters. The design equation also allows the formulation of a variety of optimization problems such as the maximization of volumetric efficiency as well as the minimization of the end-of-cycle pollutant concentration. In all cases it is shown that optimal parameter value sets exist. Implications of these results for the optimization of waste-treatment facilities are discussed.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
Artan, N., Wilderer, P., Orhon, D., Tsali, R., and Morgenroth, E. (2002). “Model evaluation and optimization of nutrient removal potential for sequencing batch reactors.” Water S.A., 28(4), 423–432.
Ayesa, E., Oyarbide, G., larrea, L., and Garcia-Heras, J. L. (1995). “Observability of reduced order models-application to a model for control of alpha process.” Water Sci. Technol., 31(2), 161–170.
Baltzis, B. C., Lewandowski, G. A., Chang, S.-H., and Ko, Y.-F. (1989). “Fill and draw reactor dynamics in biological treatment of hazardous wastes.” Biotechnology Applications in Hazardous Waste Treatment, G. A. Lewandowski, P. M. Armenante, and B. C. Baltzis, eds., Engineering Foundation, New York, 111–128.
Baltzis, B. C., Tsangaris, D. M., and Wang, K. W. (1996). “Utilization of substitutable substrates in a bioreactor under cycling: A study on process dynamics and optimization.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 51(15), 3801–3811.
Carstensen, J., Haremoes, P., and Madsen, H. (1995). “Statistical identification of Monod-kinetic parameters from on-line measurements.” Water Sci. Technol., 31(2), 125–133.
Chiesa, S. C., and Irvine, R. L. (1985). “Growth and control of filamentous microbes in activated sludge: An integrated hypothesis.” Water Res., 19(4), 471–479.
Coelho, M. A. Z., Russo, C., and Araújo, O. Q. F. (2000). “Optimization of a sequencing batch reactor for biological nitrogen removal.” Water Res., 34(10), 2809–2817.
Demuynck, C., Vanrolleghem, P., Mingneau, C., Liessens, J., and Verstraete, W. (1994). “NDBEPR process optimization in SBRs: Reduction of external carbon source and oxygen supply.” Water Sci. Technol., 30(4), 169–179.
Dennis, R. W., and Irvine, R. L. (1979). “Effect of fill: React ratio on sequencing batch biological reactors.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 51(2), 255–263.
Dikshitulu, S., Baltzis, B. C., Lewandowski, G. A., and Pavlou, S. (1993). “Competition between two microbial populations in a sequencing fed-batch reactor: Theory, experimental verification and implications for waste treatment applications.” Biotechnol. Bioeng., 42(5), 643–656.
Gernaey, K. V., van Loosdrecht, M. C. M., Henze, M., Lind, M., and Jorgensen, S. B. (2004). “Activated sludge wastewater treatment plant modelling and simulation: State of the art.” Env. Software., 19(9), 763–783.
Henze, M., Grady, C. P. L., Gujer, W., Marais, G. V. R., and Matsuo, T. (1987). “A general model for single-sludge wastewater treatment systems.” Water Res., 21(5), 505–515.
Henze, M., Gujer, W., Mino, T., Matsuo, T., Wentzel, M. C., and Marais, G. V. R. (1995). “Activated sludge model no. 2.” IWA Scientific and Technical Report No 3, IWA, London.
Hvala, N., Zec, M., Ros, M., and Strmcnik, S. (2001). “Design of a sequencing batch reactor sequence with an input load partition in a simulation-based experimental environment.” Water Environ. Res., 73(2), 146–153.
Insel, G., Sin, G., Lee, D. S., and Vanrolleghem, P. A. (2004). “A calibration methodology and model-based systems analysis for SBR’s removing nutrients under limited aeration conditions.” Proc., 3rd IWA Int. Conf. on SBR, Noosa, Australia, IWA, London.
Irvine, R. L., and Busch, A. W. (1979). “Sequencing batch biological reactors—An overview.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 51(2), 235–243.
Irvine, R. L., Murthy, D. V. S., Arora, M. L., Copeman, J. L., and Heidman, J. A. (1987). “Analysis of full-scale SBR operation at Grundy Center, Iowa.” J. Water Pollut. Control Fed., 59(3), 132–138.
Kamke, E. (1977). Differentialgleichungen, Lösungsmethoden Und Lösungen: The translation from German is Differential equations: Solution methods and solutions, Teubner, Leipzig, Germany (in German).
Katsogiannis, A. N., Kornaros, M. E., and Lyberatos, G. K. (1999). “Adaptive optimization of a nitrifying sequencing batch reactor.” Water Res., 33(17), 3569–3576.
Lenas, P., Baltzis, B. C., Lewandowski, G. A., and Ko, Y.-F. (1994). “Biodegradation of wastes in a cyclically operated bioreactor: Theory, experimental verification and optimization studies.” Chem. Eng. Sci., 49(24A), 4547–4561.
Lund, M. M., and Seagrave, R. C. (1971). “Optimal operation of a variable-volume stirred tank reactor.” AIChE J., 17(1), 30–37.
Marsili-Libelli, S., and Giovannini, F. (1997). “On-line estimation of the nitrification process.” Water Res., 31(1), 179–185.
Press, W., Flannery, B., Teukolsly, S., and Vetterling, W. (1989). Numerical recipes, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Sin, G., Insel, G., Lee, D. S., and Vanrolleghem, P. A. (2004). “Optimal but robust N and P removal in SBRs: A model-based systematic study of operation scenarios.” Water Sci. Technol., 50(10), 97–105.
Vanrolleghem, P., and Coen, F. (1995). “Optimal design of in-sensor-experiments for on-line modeling of nitrogen removal processes.” Water Sci. Technol., 31(2), 149–160.
Wentzel, M. C., Ekama, G. A., and Marais, G. V. R. (1992). “Processes and modelling of nitrification denitrification biological excess phosphorus removal systems—A review.” Water Sci. Technol., 25(6), 59–82.
Wilderer, P., Irvine, R. L., and Goronszy, M. C. (2001). “Sequencing batch reactor technology.” IWA Scientific and Technical Report No. 10, IWA Publishing, London.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132 • Issue 5 • May 2006
Pages: 453 - 462
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: May 20, 2004
Accepted: Sep 14, 2005
Published online: May 1, 2006
Published in print: May 2006
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.