Simultaneous Removal of Carbon and Nitrogen from Swine Wastewater Using an Immobilized-Cell Reactor
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132, Issue 3
Abstract
A single-stage phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol immobilized-cell reactor with three operation modes was employed to investigate the efficiency of simultaneous carbon/nitrogen removal from raw swine wastewater. In continuous aeration mode, the removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (T-N) exceeded 70 and 8%, respectively, at hydraulic retention time of . In intermittent aeration (IA) mode, the removal efficiency of COD and T-N was more than 85 and 46%, respectively, when the reactor was set at 50% aeration duration to cycle time to operate at three aerobic-anoxic cycles per day. When oxidation-reduction-potential control was adopted to control the duration of the anoxic period in the real-time controlled (RTC) IA mode for a aeration period, the total cycle time was reduced by about 20% with a slight increase in removal efficiency of COD (87%) and T-N (47%). The system with no extra chambers required is efficient in simultaneous carbon/nitrogen removal.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
American Public Health Association (APHA. (1985). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 16th Ed., Washington, D.C.
Boiran, B., Couton, Y., and Germon, J. C. (1996). “Nitrification and denitrification of liquid lagoon piggery waste in a biofilm infiltration-percolation aerated system (BIPAS) reactor.” Bioresour. Technol., 55(1), 63–77.
Bortone, G., Gemelli, S., Rambaldi, A., and Tilche, A. (1992). “Nitrification, denitrification and biological phosphate removal in sequencing batch reactors treating piggery wastewater.” Water Sci. Technol., 26(5-6), 977–985.
Chen, K. C., Chen, C. Y., Peng, J. W., and Houng, J. Y. (2002). “Real-time control of an immobilized-cell reactor for wastewater treatment using ORP.” Water Res., 36(1), 230–238.
Chen, K. C., Chen, J. J., and Houng, J. Y. (2000). “Improvement of nitrogen-removal efficiency using immobilized microorganisms with oxidation-reduction potential monitoring.” J. Ind. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 25(5), 229–234.
Chen, K. C., Lee, S. C., Chin, S. C., and Houng, J. Y. (1998). “Simultaneous carbon-nitrogen removal in wastewater using phosphorylated PVA-immobilized microorganisms.” Enzyme Microb. Technol., 23(5), 311–320.
Chen, K. C., and Lin, Y. F. (1994). “Immobilization of microorganisms with phosphorylated polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel.” Enzyme Microb. Technol., 16(1), 79–83.
Hanaki, K., Wantawin, C., and Ohgaki, S. (1990). “Effects of the activity of heterotrophs on nitrification in a suspended-growth reactor.” Water Res., 24(3), 289–296.
Hashimoto, S., and Furukawa, K. (1987). “Immobilization of activated sludge by PVA-boric acid method.” Biotechnol. Bioeng., 30(1), 52–59.
Lo, K. V., Liao, P. H., and Gao, Y. C. (1994). “Anaerobic treatment of swine wastewater using hybrid UASB reactors.” Bioresour. Technol., 47(2), 153–157.
Ng, W. J. (1987). “Aerobic treatment of piggery wastewater with the sequencing batch reactor.” Biological Wastes, 22(4), 285–294.
Ng, W. J., and Chin, K. K. (1987). “Random-packed anaerobic filter in piggery wastewater treatment.” Biological Wastes, 20(3), 157–166.
Nielson, L. E. (1974). Mechanical properties of polymers and composites, Vol. 1, Dekker, New York, 5–9.
Peddie, C. C., Mavinic, D. S., and Jenkins, C. J. (1990). “Use of ORP for monitoring and control of aerobic sludge digestion.” J. Environ. Eng., 116(3), 461–471.
Ra, C. S., Lo, K. V., and Mavinic, D. S. (1998). “Real-time control of two-stage sequencing batch reactor system for the treatment of animal wastewater.” Environ. Technol., 19(4), 343–356.
Ra, C. S., Lo, K. V., Shin, J. S., Oh, J. S., and Hong, B. J. (2000). “Biological nutrient removal with an internal organics carbon source in piggery wastewater treatment.” Water Res., 34(3), 965–973.
Rim, J. M., and Han, D. J. (2000). “Process development for nitrogen removal of swine waste.” Water Sci. Technol., 42(3-4), 239–246.
Smith, P. K., Krohn, R. I., Hermanson, G. T., Mallia, A. K., Gartner, F. H., Provenzano, M. D., Fujimoto, E. K., Geoke, N. M., Olson, B. J., and Klenk, D. C. (1985). “Measurement of protein using bicinchoninic acid.” Anal. Biochem., 150(1), 76–85.
Suwa, Y., Yamagishi, T., Urushigawa, Y., and Hirai, M. (1989). “Simultaneous organic carbon removal-nitrification by an activated sludge process with cross-flow filtration.” J. Ferment. Technol., 67(2), 119–125.
Tanaka, K., Tada, M., Harada, S., Fuji, Y., Mizuguchi, T., Mori, N., and Emori, H. (1991). “Development of new nitrogen removal system using nitrifying bacteria immobilized in synthetic resin pellets.” Water Sci. Technol., 23(4-6), 681–690.
Tchobanoglous, G., and Burton, F. L. (1991). Wastewater engineering, treatment, disposal and reuse, Metcalf & Eddy/McGraw-Hill, New York, 732.
Tramper, J., and De Man, A. W. A. (1986). “Operating performance of Nitrobacter agilia immobilized in carrageenan.” Enzyme Microb. Technol., 8(8), 477–480.
Wareham, D. G., Hall, K. J., and Mavinic, D. C. (1993). “Real-time control of aerobic-anaerobic sludge digestion using ORP.” J. Environ. Eng., 119(1), 120–136.
Yu, R. F., Liaw, S. L., Chang, C. N., Lu, H. J., and Cheng, W. Y. (1997). “Monitoring and control using on-line ORP on the continuous-flow activated sludge batch reactor system.” Water Sci. Technol., 35(1), 57–66.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 132 • Issue 3 • March 2006
Pages: 423 - 429
Copyright
© 2006 ASCE.
History
Received: Mar 23, 2004
Accepted: May 16, 2005
Published online: Mar 1, 2006
Published in print: Mar 2006
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.