Characterization of Clay Particle Surfaces for Contaminant Sorption in Soil Barriers Using Flow Microcalorimetry
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 130, Issue 8
Abstract
Clays such as kaolinite and bentonite are widely used in various industries as sorbents. The sorptive characteristics of clays are exploited when they are used in contaminant barrier systems. To use clays effectively, their surface characteristics need to be known; especially, when they are used for contaminant sorption. Available surface area of clay minerals and the characteristics that depend on it are very sensitive to environmental changes such as those that can be induced by changes in the composition of pore fluid. Flow microcalorimetry with a down-stream concentration was used to determine the heats and amounts of adsorption of acids and bases on the clays. Test results presented herein revealed that both kaolinite and bentonite exhibit significantly different adsorption isotherms and heat of wetting under high pH and low pH conditions. Kaolinite has the capacity to adsorb both acidic and basic molecules almost equally. However, it has a tendency to adsorb more base than acid because of its stronger complexation capacity with acids than with bases. On the other hand, bentonite has a tendency to adsorb more acidic than basic molecules per gram. These results also indicate that both kaolinite and bentonite have different heats of wetting characteristics. As the concentrations of the acids and bases increase, the heat of wetting of kaolinite decreases while that of bentonite increases.
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Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 130 • Issue 8 • August 2004
Pages: 918 - 921
Copyright
Copyright © 2004 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 17, 2003
Accepted: Jun 18, 2003
Published online: Jul 15, 2004
Published in print: Aug 2004
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