Approach to Steady State in Completely Mixed Flow Reactors
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 127, Issue 1
Abstract
Environmental engineers frequently employ the assumption that steady-state conditions are approximated after three hydraulic residence times. In this paper, the conditions under which this assumption is valid are elucidated. For well-mixed systems, the time to approach steady state depends on the kinetic order of removal mechanisms, the initial pollutant concentration in the control volume (=C0), and the kinetic rate constant. The assumption of three hydraulic residence times to steady state was found to be conservative if C0 = 0. However, if C0 equals the influent concentration, then more than three hydraulic residence times may be required to approach steady-state conditions with some zero-order reactions.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 127 • Issue 1 • January 2001
Pages: 13 - 18
History
Received: Mar 22, 2000
Published online: Jan 1, 2001
Published in print: Jan 2001
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