Model and Analysis of Belt Drainage Thickening
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 125, Issue 9
Abstract
A gravity drainage model was developed that included terms for cake resistance, filter resistance, and initial ponding. Laboratory scale batch drainage tests were performed at sludge volume loadings between 0.013 and 0.006 m3/m2. Results were compared with limits established from the model for ponded and nonponded sludge drainage. At low volumetric loadings, the series of drainage curves represented a smooth family of curves with increased drainage rates at the volume was increased. However, at higher volumetric loadings, a discontinuity in the family of curves was observed in which the rate of filtrate flow decreased with an increase in sludge volume. The change in the shape of the filtrate curves corresponded with the observance of standing water on top of the forming sludge cake, or ponding. The effects of plowing during drainage were investigated. One effect of plows was to diminish the effects of ponding, noted as an increased drainage rate, for sludge loading conditions that had a tendency to pond in the absence of plows. A second effect was to cause the release of more water from sludges that were not prone to ponding than that seen in the absence of plows.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
ASCE task committee on belt filter presses. (1988). “Belt filter press dewatering of wastewater sludge.”J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, 114(5), 991–1006.
2.
Baskerville, R. C., Bruce, A. M., and Day, M. C. (1978). “Laboratory techniques for predicting and evaluating the performance of a filterbelt press.” Filtration Separation, 15(5), 445–454.
3.
Bierck, B. R., and Dick, R. I. (1990a). “Mechanism of compressible sludge cake shrinkage.”J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, 116(4), 663–682.
4.
Bierck, B. R., and Dick, R. I. (1990b). “In situ examination of effects of pressure differential on compressible cake filtration.” Water Sci. Technol., 22(12), 125–134.
5.
Bierck, B. R., Scott, A., and Dick, R. I. (1988). “Compressible cake filtration: Monitoring cake formation and shrinkage using synchrotron x-rays.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 60(5), 645–650.
6.
Carman, P. C. (1934). “Fluid flow through granular beds.” Trans. Chem. Engrg., Great Britain, 15, 150–166.
7.
Coackley, P., and Jones, B. S. R. (1956). “Vacuum sludge filtration.” Sew. Ind. Wastes, 28(6), 963–968.
8.
Dembitz, E. A. (1978). “Belt filter presses: A new solution to dewatering?” Water and Wastes Engrg., 15(2), 36–38, 40, 42, 70.
9.
Emery, B. P. ( 1994). “Predicting belt filter press performance using laboratory techniques,” MS thesis, University of Illinois, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Urbana-Champaign, Ill.
10.
Freeze, R. A., and Cherry, J. A. ( 1979). Groundwater. Chapter 2, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 15.
11.
Galla, C. A. ( 1996). “Laboratory prediction of belt filter press dewatering dynamics,” MS thesis, University of Illinois, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Urbana-Champaign, Ill.
12.
Haworth, P. J. (1973). “The filterbelt press.” Effluent and Water Treatment J., 13(10), 617–625.
13.
Karr, P. R., and Keinath, T. M. (1978). “Limitation of the specific resistance and CST test for sludge dewatering.” Filtration Separation, 15(6), 543–544.
14.
Kos, P., and Adrian, D. D. (1975). “Transport phenomena applied to sludge dewatering.”J. Envir. Engrg., ASCE, 101(6), 947–965.
15.
Land, G. (1992). “Restoring filter belt drainage rates.” Water Engrg. Mgmt., November, 22–24.
16.
Neogen, Inc. (1993). Crown press belt press simulator, owners manual, B. F. Severin, ed., Lansing, Mich.
17.
Poduska, R. A., and Collins, B. H. (1980). “A simple laboratory technique for determining belt filter press operation.” Envir. Technol. Letters, 1, 547–556.
18.
Ruth, B. F. (1935). “Studies in filtration III. Derivation of general filtration equations.” Ind. Engrg. Chem., 27(6), 708–723.
19.
Ruth, B. F. (1946). “Correlating filtration theory with industrial practice.” Ind. Engrg. Chem., 38(6), 564–571.
20.
Ruth, B. F., Montillon, G. H., and Montanna, R. E. (1933). “Studies in filtration, II. Fundamental axiom of constant—Pressure filtration.” Ind. Engrg. Chem., 25(2), 153–161.
21.
Severin, B. F., and Collins, B. H. (1992). “Advances in predicting belt press performance from lab data.” Proc., Water Envir. Fed. 65th Annu. Conf., Alexandria, Va.
22.
Severin, B. F., and Grethlein, H. (1996). “Laboratory simulation of belt press dewatering; application of the Darcy equation to gravity drainage.” Water Envir. Res., 68(3), 359–369.
23.
Shirato, M., Murase, T., Iritani, E., and Nakatsuka, T. (1985). “Filter cake dewatering by formation of bentonite skin layer on cake surface.” J. Chem. Engrg., Japan, 18(4), 372–376.
24.
Sjentizer, F. (1955). “Contribution to the theory of filtration.” Trans. Inst. Chem. Engrg., 33, 289–302.
25.
Sperry, R. D. (1916). “The principles of filtration.” Met. Chem. Engrg., 15, 198–203.
26.
Sperry, R. D. (1917). “The principles of filtration-II.” Met. Chem. Engrg., 17, 161–166.
27.
Svarovsky, L. (1979). “Advances in solid-liquid separation I. Filtration and allied operations.” Chemical Engrg. J., London, 18(1), 63–76.
28.
Tiller, F. M., and Shirato, M. (1964). “The role of porosity in filtration IV, new definition of filtration resistance.” AIChE J., 10(1), 61–67.
29.
Underwood, A. J. V. (1928). “Filtration equations for compressible sludges.” J. Soc. Chem. Ind. Trans., 47(Nov. 16), 325–329.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 125 • Issue 9 • September 1999
Pages: 807 - 815
History
Received: Dec 2, 1997
Published online: Sep 1, 1999
Published in print: Sep 1999
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.