Modeling Chlorine Inactivation Requirements of Cryptosporidium parvum Oocysts
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 123, Issue 9
Abstract
Chlorine and monochloramine inactivation of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts was studied using bench-scale experiments in 0.05-M phosphate buffer at pH 6 and 8 at 22°C. Animal infectivity using neonatal CD-1 mice was used as the criterion for oocyst viability. Inactivation data were fitted to a robust kinetic model, the incomplete gamma Hom (I.g.H.) which can account for first-order disinfectant decomposition. For chloramination a two-step disinfection approach was evaluated in which chlorine species were applied sequentially with free chlorine followed by ammonium chloride and preformed monochloramine (if necessary). Increasing levels of free chlorine pretreatment were shown to reduce the subsequent monochloramine concentration and/or contact time required for a given level of inactivation thereby demonstrating synergism. Incomplete gamma Hom models were used to generate design graphs that can aid engineers in establishing disinfection requirements for controlling Cryptosporidium parvum in drinking water.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 123 • Issue 9 • September 1997
Pages: 865 - 875
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Sep 1, 1997
Published in print: Sep 1997
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