Sorption of Organic Compounds in the Aqueous Phase onto Tire Rubber
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 123, Issue 9
Abstract
Batch sorption tests were conducted to investigate the sorption capacity of organic compounds by ground tire and to assess the effects of the presence of other organic compounds, ionic strength, pH, ground tire particle size, and temperature on sorption. None of the factors were significant under the conditions tested. m-Xylene had the highest partition coefficient (977 L/kg), followed by ethylbenzene, toluene, trichloroethylene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, chloroform, and methylene chloride (13 L/kg). The partition coefficients had a logarithmic linear relationship with the octanol-water partition coefficients. The diffusion coefficients of the compounds tested were in the range of 10−8 cm2/s. The diffusion coefficients did not correlate well with the physical/chemical properties, such as molecular size, of the compounds tested. The heat of solutions of the compounds tested had relatively low values (<2.5 kJ/mol/K). Thus, the sorption may not be affected significantly by temperature change. Organic compounds sorbed onto tire rubber appear to be sorbed primarily onto tire rubber polymeric materials and partially carbon black in the tire rubber. Overall, ground tire shows significant capacity as a sorbent of organic compounds.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Aminabhavi, T. M., and Phayde, H. T. S.(1995). “Sorption, desorption, diffusion, and permeation of aliphatic alkanes into Santoprene thermoplastic rubber.”J. Appl. Polymer Sci., 55(1), 17–37.
2.
Berens, A. R., and Hopfenberg, H. B. (1982). “Diffusion of organic vapors at low concentrations in glassy PVC, Polystylene, and PMMA.”J. Membrane Sci., 10(2+3), 283–303.
3.
Briggs, G. G.(1981). “Theoretical and experimental relationships between soil adsorption, octanol-water partition coefficients, water solubilities, bioconcentration factors, and the parachor.”J. Agric. and Food Chem., 29(5), 1050–1059.
4.
Carman, P. C., and Haul, R. (1954). “Measurement of diffusion coefficients.”Proc. Royal Soc., London, U.K., 222(A), 109–118.
5.
Collander, R. (1950). “The distribution of organic compounds between iso-butanol and water.”ACTA Chemica Scandinavica, 4(II), 1085–1098.
6.
Crank, J. (1964). The mathematics of diffusion, 2nd Ed. Clarendon Press, Oxford, U.K., 84–91.
7.
Dobbs, R. A., and Cohen, J. M. (1980). “Carbon adsorption isotherms for toxic organics.”Rep. No. EPA-600/8-80-023, U.S. Envir. Protection Agency (EPA), Cincinnati, Ohio.
8.
Dodds, J., Domenico, W. F., Evans, D. R., Fish, L. W., Lassahn, P. L., and Toth, W. J. (1983). “Scrap tires: a resource and technology evaluation of tire pyrolysis and other selected alternative technologies.”Rep. No. EGG-2241, EG&G Idaho, Inc., Idaho Falls, Idaho.
9.
Edil, T. B., Fox, P. J., and Ahl, S. W. (1992). “Hydraulic conductivity and compressibility of waste tire chips.”Proc., 15th Annu. Madison Waste Conf., Madison, Wis., 49–61.
10.
Edil, T. B., Kim, J. Y., and Park, J. K. (1996). “Reactive barriers for containment for organic compounds.”Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Envir. Geotech.
11.
Ehrig, H. J.(1983). “Quality and quantity of sanitary landfill leachate.”Waste Mgmt. and Res., 1(1), 53–68.
12.
Frensdorff, H. K.(1964). “Diffusion and sorption of vapours in ethylene-propylene copolymers: II. Diffusion.”J. Polymer Sci.: Part A, 2(1), 341–355.
13.
Hudson, J. F., and Lake, E. E. (1974). A planning bibliography on tire reuse and disposal. Urban System Research & Engineering, Inc., Cambridge, Mass.
14.
Karickhoff, S. W., Brown, D. S., and Scott, T. A.(1979). “Sorption of hydrophobic pollutants on natural sediments.”Water Res., 13(3), 241–248.
15.
Kim, S.-D. (1995). “Pyrolysis of scrap tire rubbers,” PhD dissertation, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis.
16.
Knocke, W. R., and Hemphill, L. M.(1981). “Mercury(II) sorption by waste rubber.”Water Res., 15(2), 275–282.
17.
Lide, D. R., and Frederikse, H. P. R. (1995). CRC handbook of chemistry and physics. CRC Press, Inc., Boca Raton, Fla.
18.
Park, J. K., and Bontoux, L.(1991). “Effects of temperature, repeated exposure, and aging on polybutylene permeation by organic chemicals.”J. Appl. Polymer Sci., 42(11), 2989–2995.
19.
Park, J. K., and Jhung, J. K. (1993). “Removal of volatile organic compounds emitted during wastewater treatment by ground tires.”Proc., 66th WEF Annu. Conf. and Exposition, 389–398.
20.
Park, J. K., and Nibras, M.(1993). “Mass flux of organic chemicals through polyethylene geomembranes.”Water Envir. Res., 65(3), 227–237.
21.
Park, J. K., Bontoux, L., Holsen, T. M., Jenkins, D., and Selleck, R. E.(1991). “Permeation of polybutylene pipe and gasket material by organic chemicals.”J. AWWA, 83(10), 71–78.
22.
Park, J. K., Kim, J. Y., and Edil, T. B.(1996a). “Mitigation of organic compound movement in landfills by a layer of shredded tires.”Water Envir. Res., 68(1), 4–10.
23.
Park, J. K., Kim, J. Y., Edil, T. B., and Madsen, C. D. (1996b). “Use of ground tires for organic compound containment in the soil-bentonite (SB) slurry cutoff wall.”Water Envir. Res. (To appear in Sept. 1997).
24.
Prausnitz, J. M., Lichtentthaler, R. N., and de Azevedo, E. G. (1986). Molecular thermodynamics of fluid-phase equilibria, 2nd Ed., Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J.
25.
Rogers, C. E. (1985). “Permeation of gases and vapours in polymers.”Polymer permeability, J. Comyn, ed., Elsevier Applied Science, London, U.K., 11–73.
26.
Rowley, A. G., Husband, F. M., and Cunningham, A. B.(1984). “Mechanisms of metal adsorption from aqueous solution by waste tyre rubber.”Water Res., 18(8), 981–984.
27.
Scheels, N., and Park, J. K.(1995). “Grounds for odor removal.”Water Envir. and Technol., 7(6), 48–51.
28.
Snoeyink, V. L., and Jenkins, D. (1980). Water chemistry. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, N.Y.
29.
Snoeyink, V. L., and Weber, W. J. Jr.(1967). “The surface chemistry of active carbon.”Envir. Sci. and Technol., 1(3), 228–234.
30.
Thain, D. W. (1974). “Tire rubber removes mercury from process streams.”Proc., 4th Annu. Envir. Engr. and Sci. Conf., Louisville, Ky., 369–386.
31.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (1990). WERL treatability data base. Risk Reduction Engrg. Lab., Cincinnati, Ohio.
32.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). (1991). “Markets for scrap tires.”Rep. No. EPA/530-SW-90-074A, Washington, D.C.
33.
Weber, J. W. Jr. (1972). Physicochemical processes for water quality control. Wiley-Interscience, New York, N.Y.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 123 • Issue 9 • September 1997
Pages: 827 - 835
Copyright
Copyright © 1997 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Sep 1, 1997
Published in print: Sep 1997
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.