Disappearance of Reduced Manganese in Reservoir Tailwaters
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 121, Issue 4
Abstract
Results of field studies conducted downstream of five reservoirs are used to develop an improved understanding of the disappearance of reduced manganese in tailwaters. A first-order removal formulation accurately describes the removal of dissolved manganese versus travel time downstream. Results support the theory that adsorption to the stream bottom is the primary removal mechanism. The first-order removal rate, which varied by an order of magnitude from 0.30 to 4.45 day −1, is found to be highly correlated to the stream slope, which affects shear velocity. Using observed removal rates, a formulation based on the ratio of the stream-bottom mass-transfer velocity, which depends on bottom-shear velocity, and stream depth is developed for computing the removal-rate coefficient. The formulation also depends on substrate type (i.e., cobble or fine-grain sediments). Dissolved manganese concentrations computed with the developed mathematical model show good agreement with observations. Some questions still remain, such as whether there is an annual acclimation time for manganese removal.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 121 • Issue 4 • April 1995
Pages: 287 - 297
Copyright
Copyright © 1995 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published online: Apr 1, 1995
Published in print: Apr 1995
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