Characterization of Activated Sludge Foams from Two Plants
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 116, Issue 5
Abstract
Activated sludge (AS) foams from two wastewater treatment plants are characterized. The foams contained a significant amount of substrate and lipid. Their contents varied from plant to plant and even within the same plant. The microbial activities of foam in terms of glucose utilization and ATP levels were similar to those of mixed liquor. Foams were subjected to acid hydrolysis and heat treatment as an alternative disposal method. The hydrolyzed byproducts were readily biodegradable in a standard AS process.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
References
1.
Awong, T., Bitton, G., and Koopman, B. (1984). “ATP, oxygen uptake rate and INT‐dehydrogenase activity of actinomycetes foams.” Water Res., 19(7), 917–921.
2.
Baumann, M., Lemmer, H., and Ries, H. (1988). “Scum actinomycetes in sewage treatment plants—Part 1, Growth kinetics of Nocardia amarae in chemostat culture.” Wat. Res., 22(6), 761–763.
3.
Blackbeard, J. R., et al. (1988). “Identification of filamentous organisms in nutrient removal activated sludge plants in South Africa.” Water SA, 14(1), 29–34.
4.
Chiu, S. Y., et al. (1973). “ATP pool in activated sludge.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 45(8), 1746–1758.
5.
Dhaliwal, B. S. (1979). “Nocardia amarae and activated sludge foaming.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 51(2), 344–350.
6.
Gaudy, A. F. (1962). “Colorimetric determination of protein and carbohydrate.” Industrial Water and Wastes, 7(1), 17–22.
7.
Hao, O. J., Strom, P. F., and Wu, Y. C. (1988). “A review of the role of Nocardia‐like filamentous in activated sludge foaming.” Water SA, 14(2), 105–110.
8.
Hart, M. A. (1985). “Scum formation in a nutrient removing activated sludge plant.” Water SA, 11(4), 171–178.
9.
Jenkins, D., Richard, M. B., and Daigger, G. T. (1984). Manual on the causes and control of activated sludge bulking and foaming, Water Research Commission, Pretoria, Republic of South Africa.
10.
Krone, M. J. (1989). “Anaerobic acidogensis of dairy manure,” thesis presented to the University of Maryland, at College Park, Md., in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy.
11.
Lechevalier, H. A. (1975). Actinomycetes of sewage treatment plants. EPA‐600/2‐75‐031, U.S. Envir. Protection Agency, Cincinnati, Ohio.
12.
Lemmer, H. (1986). “The ecology of scum causing actinomycetes in sewage treatment plans.” Water Res., 20(4), 531–535.
13.
Lemmer, H., and Baumann, M. (1988). “Scum actinomycetes in sewage treatment plant—part 2, The effect of hydrophobic substrate.” Water Res., 22(6), 761–763.
14.
Levin, G., Schort, J. R., and Hess, W. C. (1975). “Methodology for application of ATP determination in wastewater treatment.” Envir. Sci. Tech., 9(10), 962–965.
15.
Ligthelm, S. P. (1986). “Letter to the editor.” Water SA, 12(2), 107–108.
16.
Nelson, J. K., and Puntenney, J. I. (1983). “Performance comparison of the air and high‐purity oxygen activated sludge systems.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 55(4), 336–340.
17.
Ortman, C., Laib, T., and Zickesoore, C. S. (1977). TOC, ATP and respiratory rate as control parameters for an activated sludge process. EPA 600‐2‐77‐142, Washington, D.C.
18.
Pipes, W. O. (1978). “Actinomycetes scum production in activated sludge.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 50(4), 628–634.
19.
Pretorius, W. A., and Laubscher, C. J. P. (1987). “Control of biological scum in activated sludge plants by means of selective flotation.” Wat. Sci. Tech., 19(5/6), 1003–1011.
20.
Roe, P. C., and Bhaget, S. K. (1977). “ATP as a control parameter for activated sludge processes.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 54(3), 244–253.
21.
Sezgin, M., and Karr, P. (1984). “Controlling scum by lowering sludge age.” Operation Forum, 1(2), 28–29.
22.
Singh, T., and Patterson, J. W. (1974). “Improvement of the aerobic sludge digestion process efficiencies.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 46(1), 102–112.
23.
Slijkhuis, H., and Deinema, M. H. (1988). “Effect of environmental condition on the occurrence of Microthrix parvicella in activated sludge.” Water Res., 22(7), 825–828.
24.
Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 16th Ed. (1985). American Public Health Assoc., Washington, D.C.
25.
Strom, P. F., and Jenkins, D. (1984). “Identification and significance of filamentous microorganisms in activated sludge.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 56(5), 449–459.
26.
Tetreault, M. J., and Diemer, D. M. (1987). “Control of anaerobic digestion foaming.” J. Water Pollution Control Federation, 59(11), 987–988.
27.
Wells, W. N., and Garrett, M. T. (1971). “Getting the most from an activated sludge plant.” Public Works, 102(5), 63–68.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 116 • Issue 5 • September 1990
Pages: 991 - 997
Copyright
Copyright © 1990 ASCE.
History
Published online: Sep 1, 1990
Published in print: Sep 1990
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.