Benefit-Cost Metrics for Design Coordination of Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing Systems in Multistory Buildings
Publication: Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
Volume 131, Issue 8
Abstract
Design coordination of mechanical, electrical, and plumbing (MEP) systems in buildings is a multidisciplinary effort to locate equipment, route distribution systems, and resolve interferences between systems that can cause field conflicts. Absent from existing research are defined metrics of design coordination—how much it costs to perform depending on project variables, and the true costs of field conflicts that are eliminated by coordination. This research was performed to explore the costs of design coordination in concert with the benefits of eliminating coordination conflicts that arise in the field. A standard method to measure costs of coordination is developed for case study projects. Potential variables that affect this cost are evaluated, and the negative impacts of field conflicts are measured. Project variables that have strong relationships with coordination costs are identified to be MEP density [MEP cost/square foot (SF)], and plenum height, and exploratory models to predict coordination costs using these variables are presented. Three distinct types of coordination conflicts are identified with measurable increasing impacts and cost. These results help to quantify the level of effort needed to coordinate building systems, and help to provide a basis for detecting projects that are likely to have problematic MEP coordination processes.
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Appendix. Example Calculation of Coordination Cost on Case Study Projects
Cost/hr | P1 | Total cost(in $) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Design consultants | |||||
Architectural (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 41 | 1 | 0.5 | 12 | 245 |
Structural (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 36 | 1 | 0.5 | 12 | 213 |
Mechanical (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 38 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 923 |
Electrical (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 40 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 968 |
Plumbing (C1-No. of people C2-wh/weeek C3-No. of weeks) | 38 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 923 |
Fire protection (C1-No. of people C2-wh/weekC3-No. of weeks) | 38 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 923 |
Total | 4,196 | ||||
General contractor/construction manager | |||||
Project manger/engineer (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 39 | 1 | 2 | 12 | 935 |
MEP coordinator (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 39 | 1 | 16 | 12 | 7,482 |
Field superintendents (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 32 | 1 | 16 | 12 | 6,144 |
Total | 14,563 | ||||
Specialty contractors | |||||
HVAC-piping | |||||
Detailers (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 25 | 1 | 40 | 12 | 11,847 |
Engineers/Project Manager (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 34 | 1 | 24 | 12 | 9,668 |
Foremen (C1-No. of people C2-wh/week C3-No. of weeks) | 33 | 1 | 0 | 12 | 0 |
HVAC piping | 21,517 | ||||
HVAC-duct | 21,517 | ||||
Electrical | 21,515 | ||||
Plumbing | 21,517 | ||||
Fire protection | 21,517 | ||||
Other | 0 | ||||
Owner | 0 | ||||
Total costs | 126,345 | ||||
Location factor | 0.82 | ||||
Inflation | 1.008 | ||||
Total cost after adjustment | 104,438 |
Note: , electrical, and plumbing; , ventilation, and air conditioning.
References
Hanna, A., Russell, J., Gotzion, T., and Nordheim, E. (1999). “Impact of change orders on labor efficiency for electrical construction.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage., 125(4), 224–232.
Hanna, A., Russell, J., Gotzion, T., and Nordheim, E. (1999). “Impact of change orders on labor efficiency for mechanical construction.” J. Constr. Eng. Manage., 125(3), 176–184.
Korman, T., Fisher, M., and Tatum, C. (2003). “Knowledge and reasoning for MEP coordination.” J. Manage. Eng., 129(6), 627–634.
Riley, D. R. (2000). “Coordination and production planning for mechanical, electrical and plumbing construction.” Proc., ASCE Construction Congress VI, ASCE, New York.
Riley, D. R., and Horman, M. J. (2001). “Effects of design coordination on project uncertainty.” Proc., 9th Ann. Conf. of the Int. Group for Lean Construction (IGLC-9), 129–136.
Tao, Williams, Janis, K. Y., and Richard, R. (2001). Mechanical and electrical systems in buildings, Prentice Hall, Columbus, Ohio.
Tatum, C. B., and Korman, T. (2001). “Development of a knowledge-based system to improve mechanical, electrical and plumbing coordination.”CIFE Technical Rep. No. 129, Stanford Univ., Stanford, Calif.
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© 2005 ASCE.
History
Received: Sep 28, 2004
Accepted: Nov 15, 2004
Published online: Aug 1, 2005
Published in print: Aug 2005
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