Smart and Digital World: The Technologies Needed for Digital Twins and Human Digital Twins

The transition to Industry 5.0 begins with the integration of the human aspect into Industry 4.0 technologies. Industry 5.0 is a human-centric design approach that aims to overcome the issues raised by Industry 4.0 and involves collaborating both with humans and robots in a shared working environment. The new idea demonstrates a great connection between technology and people, or “soft” sectors. At this point, the idea of a digital twin (DT), a novel technological innovation, appears. The digital twin is a newly developed technology that is essential for digital transformation and intelligent updates. The fundamental basis of this concept involves the amalgamation of artificial intelligence (AI) with the notion of digital twins, which refer to virtual renditions of tangible entities, systems, or procedures. Therefore, this article focuses on digital twins and the innovative concept of human digital twins (HDTs), with particular emphasis on the technological tools of AI in the usage of mentioned technology. Also, this article conducts a comprehensive political (P), economic (E), social (S), technological (T), legal (L), and environmental (E) (PESTLE) analysis of Industry 5.0, while specifically delving into the concepts of digital twin and human digital twin. This article is available in the ASME Digital Collection at https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4065643.