The East River Tunnels

This paper will be limited to a consideration of the construction of the tunnels, the broader questions of design, etc., having already been considered in papers by Brig.-Gen. Charles W. Raymond, M. Am. Soc. C. E., and Alfred Noble, Past-President, Am. Soc. C. E. The location of the section of the work to be considered here is shown on Plate XIII of Mr. Noble's paper. There are two permanent shafts on each side of the East River and four single cast-iron tube tunnels, each about 6000 ft. long, and consisting of 3 900 ft. between shafts under the river, and 2 000 ft. in Long Island City, mostly under the depot and passenger yard of the Long Island Railroad.