Finite Element Method for Direct Runoff Flow

The Galerkin finite element method based on the linear interpolation function and explicit numerical integration scheme in time is used. Three numerical examples are illustrated. The first example is the validation of the present method. The numerical results have compared with the experimental data and the analytical solution. Both results are well in agreement. The second example discusses the selection of the refinement of the finite element mesh and the time increment. Useful suggestion is presented for the selection of the time increment. The third example shows the computation of the direct-runoff flow over Ina basis of Tenryu River. The bed resistance is seen to have a significant effects both on the flow pattern and on the computational stability. The finite element method presented in this paper is shown to be adaptable for the prediction analysis of flow change due to structures.