Multiple Jets in Shallow Flowing Receiving Waters

An experimental study of multiple submerged heated jets discharging into confined, shallow, flowing receiving waters was conducted. Empirical relationships describing jet spreading and center line reduction of excess temperature and excess velocity near the source were developed. Comparisons between laboratory and field measurements were made for some of these relationships. A definition based on the experimental results was developed to predict the location where a row of submerged jets merge to form a two-dimensional slot jet. The results of the study should be of particular value in predicting the extent of cross-sectional mixing zones for submerged multiport diffusers in rivers.