Analysis of Flows with Initially Unknown Discharge

Two-dimensional and axisymmetric gravity flows of ideal fluids are calculated by means of the finite element method. A generalized iteration technique is used for the discharge and free-surface determinations. The model can be employed in a versatile manner due to a flexible network structure. Significant principles for the control of the entire network movement are presented for free-surface problems. This yields, apart from theoretical discharge coefficients, the free-surface profiles and the velocity and pressure distributions over the entire flow domain. Solutions for flow under sluice gates, under a spillway gate, over spillway crests, and over a morning-glory shaft spillway are given.