Sediment Measurement Techniques: E. Airborne Sediment

Measuring sensors and collectors and analysis methods for measuring and analyzing aerial dusts are presented. Plastic sheets, trays, and cups; glass beakers; outer cylinders of raingages; the Nipher snowgage with inverted bell shield; the Toronto and Detroit collectors; and the dual purpose sequential sampler employing microscope slides are some of the devices which use the sedimentation or settling technique for making dustfall measurements. Filtration, impingement, electrostatic precipitation, thermal precipitation, and centrifuging principles are used in devices for measuring suspended aerosol contaminants. Fiber and membrane or molecular filters, the Greenburg-Smith and midget impingers, the cascade impactor, the Chatfield sequential and the CERL directional suspension samples, and the Goetz centrifugal sampler are examples of the devices employing some of these principles. Special collectors that have been used to measure aerial dust originating from wind erosion are described. Techniques and instruments for chemical, morphological, and count and size analyses of airborne sediment are also presented.