Game Model of Lane Changing for Bus Exiting at Bus Bay Stops
Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Volume 147, Issue 9
Abstract
To improve public transportation operations, this research investigates the lane-changing behaviors for buses exiting at bus bay stops. Game theory is utilized to analyze the interactions between bus and social vehicle drivers. A two-player noncooperative, non-zero-sum mixed-strategy game model is formulated to consider the time saving and collision avoidance payoffs for both players in the game. The characteristic of mass passengers carried by buses is also taken into account in the payoffs. The maximum likelihood estimation is used to calibrate the formulated model using the vehicle trajectory data collected from Lvboqiao bus bay stop, Dalian, China. The validation results reveal that the formulated model can effectively predict the lane-changing decisions with a high level of accuracy. Besides mixed strategies, the players in the game may have dominant strategies, which are the best choices that have nothing to do with the strategies that other players may adopt. In both mixed and dominant strategies, bus drivers are more inclined to choose the strategy of not changing a lane, and social vehicle drivers tend to choose the strategy of not giving way to the bus. The tendencies to choose strategies by both players are consistent with the actual decisions made by drivers. It is proven that the formulated game model is highly reliable to describe bus drivers’ exiting behaviors at bus bay stops and can offer the decent theoretical support for both players to make better decisions.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or codes that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
The research reported in this article has been funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51578111) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Ministry of Education of China (Grant No. DUT20JC40).
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Published In
Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Volume 147 • Issue 9 • September 2021
Copyright
© 2021 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 10, 2020
Accepted: Apr 13, 2021
Published online: Jun 28, 2021
Published in print: Sep 1, 2021
Discussion open until: Nov 28, 2021
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