Influence of Nonmotorized Vehicles on Speed Characteristics and Capacity of Mixed Motorized Traffic of Urban Arterial Midblock Sections
Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part A: Systems
Volume 146, Issue 4
Abstract
Traffic stream characteristics are largely influenced by the presence of nonmotorized vehicles (NMVs) when mixed with the motorized vehicles in a non-lane-based heterogeneous traffic stream. The traffic stream operation becomes more chaotic with the high percentage of NMVs in a shared carriageway. Accordingly, in the present study, NMVs have been considered a friction factor influencing the traffic operations of motorized traffic. Speed-flow data has been collected through video graphic surveys at six urban arterial midblock sections. Among these sections, three have mixed motorized traffic; whereas, the remaining three sections have a significant proportion of NMVs mixed with motorized traffic. The data has been extracted from five-minute videos, which are further utilized to develop mathematical models relating the speed of each type of vehicle with the corresponding densities of all other vehicles present in the traffic mix. These models are solved for any predefined volume and proportions of traffic mix, and speed flow plots are developed to infer the capacity values. The capacity values are specifically compared with the capacity of a section restricted to motorized traffic, and it is found that the midblock capacity of urban arterials is reduced by 3.60%–35.82% when the percentage of NMVs are as low as 5% to as high as 25%, respectively. The study outcomes are useful for estimating the capacity of urban midblock sections in order to reduce the congestion due to NMVs on urban roadway networks.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and codes generated or used durisng the study appear in the published article.
References
Aronsson, K. F. M., and K. L. Bang. 2005. “Factors influencing speed profiles on urban streets.” In Proc., 3rd Int. Symp. on Highway Geometric Design. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
Ashlatha, R., S. Shalini, and N. Prakash. 2016. “Capacity reduction of urban roads due to bus stop.” In Proc., 94th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board, 199–207. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
Cao, N. Y., and K. Sano. 2012. “Estimating capacity and motorcycle equivalent units on urban roads in Hanoi, Vietnam.” J. Transp. Eng. 138 (6): 776–785. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000382.
Chandra, S., and U. Kumar. 2003. “Effect of lane width on capacity under mixed traffic conditions in India.” J. Transp. Eng. 129 (2): 155–160. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-947X(2003)129:2(155).
Chiguma, M. L. M. 2007. “Analysis of side friction impacts on urban road links: Case study of Dar es salaam.” Doctoral thesis, Dept. of Transport and Economics, Royal Institute of Technology.
Choudhury, C. F., S. S. Rajiwade, S. R. Rapolu, and M. E. Ben-Akiva. 2018. “Evaluating the impact of interventions on network capacity.” In Proc., 96th Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
Dhamaniya, A., and S. Chandra. 2012. “Future challenges for traffic engineers.” Indian Highways. 40 (6): 75–81.
Dhamaniya, A., and S. Chandra. 2013. “Concept of stream equivalency factor for heterogeneous traffic on urban arterial roads.” J. Transp. Eng. 139 (11): 1117–1123. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000581.
Dhamaniya, A., and S. Chandra. 2014. “Influence of undesignated pedestrian crossings on midblock capacity of urban roads.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2461 (1): 137–144. https://doi.org/10.3141/2461-17.
Dhamaniya, A., and S. Chandra. 2016. “Conceptual approach for estimating dynamic PCU on urban arterial roads using simultaneous equations.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2553 (1): 108–116. https://doi.org/10.3141/2553-12.
Dhamaniya, A., and S. Chandra. 2017. “Influence of operating speed on capacity of urban arterial midblock sections.” Int. J. Civ. Eng. 15 (7): 1053–1062. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-017-0206-7.
Golakiya, H. D., and A. Dhamaniya. 2019. “Modelling speed and capacity estimation at urban midblock sections under the influence of crossing pedestrians.” J. Transp. Eng. Part A: Syst. 145 (9): 04019036. https://doi.org/10.1061/JTEPBS.0000260.
Golakiya, H. D., M. Patkar, and A. Dhamaniya. 2019. “Impact of midblock pedestrian crossing on speed characteristics and capacity of urban arterials.” Arabian J. Sci. Eng. 44: 8675–8689. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13369-019-03786-x.
Greenshields, B. D. 1935. “A study of traffic capacity.” In Proc., 14th Annual Meeting of the Highway Research Board, 448–477. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
HCM (Highway Capacity Manual). 2010. Highway capacity manual 2010. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
IHCM (Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual). 1995. Final report, directorate of urban road development. Jakarta, Indonesia: IHCM.
Indo-HCM. 2017. Indian highway capacity manual (Indo-HCM). New Delhi, India: CSIR-Central Road Research Institute.
Lam, H. K., L. M. Tam, X. Cap, and X. Li. 2013. “Modeling the effects of rainfall intensity on traffic speed, flow and density relationship for urban roads.” J. Transp. Eng. 139 (7): 758–770. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000544.
Oketch, T. 2003. “Modeled performance characteristics of heterogeneous traffic streams containing non-motorized vehicles.” In Proc., 82nd Annual Meeting of the Transportation Research Board. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board.
Pal, S., and S. K. Roy. 2019. “Impact of side friction on performance of rural highways in India.” J. Infrastruct. Syst. 25 (2): 04019006. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000476.
Pan, Y., and H. R. Kerali. 1999. “Effect of non-motorized transport on motorized vehicle speeds in China.” Transp. Res. Rec. 1695 (1): 34–41. https://doi.org/10.3141/1695-07.
Patel, C. R., and G. J. Joshi. 2014. “Mixed traffic speed–flow behavior under influence of road side friction and non-motorized vehicles: A comparative study of arterial roads in India.” Int. J. Civ. Environ. Eng. 8 (11): 1203–1209.
Purohit S., U. Chattaraj, and M. Panda. 2014. “Experimental study of non-motorized vehicle characteristics and its effect on mixed traffic.” Int. J. Traffic Transp. Eng. 4 (4), 425–436. https://doi.org/10.7708/ijtte.2014.4(4).06.
Rahman, M., and F. Nakamura. 2005. “Measuring passenger car equivalents for non-motorized vehicle (Rickshaws) at mid-block sections.” J. Eastern Asia Soc. for Transp. Stud. 6: 119–126. https://doi.org/10.11175/easts.6.119.
Rahman, M., I. Okura, and F. Nakamura. 2003. “Analysis of effects of non-motorized vehicles on urban road traffic characteristics.” Vol. 28 of Proc., Infrastructure Planning. Washington, DC: Transportation Research Board. CD-ROM.
Wang, D., C. Liang, C. Jing, and G. Wang. 2007. “Bicycle conversion factor calibration at two-phase intersections in mixed traffic flows.” Tsinghua Sci. Technol. 12 (3): 318–323. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1007-0214(07)70047-0.
Zhao, X. M., B. Jia, Z. Gao, and R. Jiang. 2009. “Traffic interactions between motorized vehicles and nonmotorized vehicles near a bus stop.” J. Transp. Eng. 135 (11): 894–906. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000056.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
©2020 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Apr 13, 2019
Accepted: Aug 29, 2019
Published online: Jan 29, 2020
Published in print: Apr 1, 2020
Discussion open until: Jun 29, 2020
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.