Research Article
Oct 1975
Critical Areas for Research in Oceanographic and Hydrographic Surveying and Charting
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VIEW THE REPLYPublication: Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division
Volume 101, Issue 1
Abstract
Surveying and charting activities in oceanography and hydrography are dictated by the objectives of these two disciplines. Hydrographic surveys are often performed to provide aids to navigation (charts) which permit the direction of a vessel through and over shoals or other potential hazards to safe passage. As another essential service, hydrographers provide the basemaps for offshore engineering and construction. Here depth is also critical, for an error of fractions of meters in depth determination may cost millions. Physical oceanographers pursue knowledge that will lead to greater understanding of currents, tides, and waves and thus provide information essential to the hydrographer. They too are concerned with depth, inasmuch as wave refraction, current deflection, and other motions involving energy transfer depend largely upon water depth and sea floor configuration. This paper will examine additional factors that currently frustrate hydrographers and oceanographers, and it will review existing research needs for surveying and charting activities.
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Published In
Journal of the Surveying and Mapping Division
Volume 101 • Issue 1 • October 1975
Pages: 43 - 50
Copyright
© 1975 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Published in print: Oct 1975
Published online: Feb 12, 2021
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Authors
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Harold D. Palmer, M.ASCE
Aff. M. ASCE; Mgr., Westinghouse Ocean Research Lab., Annapolis, Md.
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Terms of Use: ASCE Library Cards are for individual, personal use only. Reselling, republishing, or forwarding the materials to libraries or reading rooms is prohibited.