Finite Element Analysis for the Seismic Response of Earth Banks

The seismic response of earth banks is studied by the finite element method. The effects of the division and extent of the section of the bank used in the analysis are examined. The appropriate extent of the bank to be included in the analysis is ascertained by studying several sections of varying extents and observing the influence of the boundaries on the response values. The effects of the division of the bank are examined by increasing the number of divisions and observing the influence on the response values. Based on these results, criteria for the appropriate division and extent of earth banks on either rigid or flexible foundations are proposed. An independent check on the results is provided by the fact that the response values of the parts of the bank well behind the crest and well beyond the toe of the slope approach those of corresponding semi-infinite layers.