Two-Way Bending Behavior of Cross-Laminated Timber–Concrete Composite Floors with Alternative Shear Connectors
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 150, Issue 8
Abstract
Experimental tests of cross-laminated timber (CLT)-concrete composite floor panels were conducted. The tests consisted of linear-elastic tests of square CLT-concrete composite panels with a novel shear connector to determine elastic orthotropic plate properties. After the linear-elastic tests, the panels were subjected to a patch load at the center of the panel and tested to failure. To investigate load transfer across longitudinal joints between adjacent panels, nonuniform bending tests were conducted. Results from the experimentally measured orthotropic plate properties showed that the shear connector increased the bending stiffness in the weak direction of the panel compared to prior test results using conventional shear connectors. The tests to failure exhibited larger differences in behavior between the strong and weak orientations of the specimens, with both showing substantial inelastic behavior prior to failure. Numerical finite element models of the patch-load test showed good agreement with experimental results. Analytical formulas using the obtained orthotropic plate properties did not agree with experimental results for the patch-load at linear scales, suggesting the simplified method is currently not suited for CLT-concrete two-way bending. Load-transfer tests found that the reinforced concrete topping is capable of transferring load across the longitudinal joint of two parallel panels to enable two-way bending of composite timber–concrete floors and that the addition of a plywood spline with closely spaced screws enables a higher degree of force transfer.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This work was financially supported by the USDA Agricultural Research Service in cooperation with the Tallwood Design Institute under Grant No. 58-0204-6-002. Additionally, the authors would like to thank Jeff Gent, Lance Parson, Mohit Srivastava, and Kevin Tianjun Dai for their assistance with testing. Finally, the authors would like to thank the ARCS Foundation for supporting the first author as an ARCS Scholar.
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Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 150 • Issue 8 • August 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Sep 29, 2023
Accepted: Mar 20, 2024
Published online: Jun 11, 2024
Published in print: Aug 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Nov 11, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Bending (structural)
- Building materials
- Composite materials
- Continuum mechanics
- Design (by type)
- Dynamics (solid mechanics)
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Engineering mechanics
- Laboratory tests
- Load factors
- Load tests
- Load transfer
- Materials engineering
- Panels (structural)
- Shear tests
- Solid mechanics
- Structural design
- Structural dynamics
- Structural engineering
- Structural members
- Structural systems
- Tests (by type)
- Wood and wood products
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