Abstract
Considering the advantages of hybrid steel I-section beams in reducing engineering costs and fully utilizing the mechanical properties of steel, and the lack of research on their ductility, hybrid steel I-section beams were tested to analyze the effects of the plate width–thickness ratio and steel strength matching on the flexural bearing capacity and ductility. The steel strength matching of the hybrid steel I-section beam with a high steel strength utilization rate and good ductility was related closely to the section size. Additionally, a parametric analysis based on the finite- element method was performed for further study. The steel strength ratio of the web to the flange with the best ductility was less than 1, and decreased with an increase in flange steel strength. The steel strength utilization rate and ductility decreased with an increase in . Based on the parametric analysis results, the optimal range of in hybrid-steel I-section beams with flange steel strength of 460–690 MPa was 0.56–1. The plate width–thickness ratio limit of the ductile section decreased with the decrease of . Considering the plate interaction and steel strength matching, a sectional ductility design method is proposed that is more applicable to hybrid steel I-section beams than existing methods.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2021YFF0501000), the Major Project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52192663), the Sichuan Provincial Transportation Technology Project (No. 2018-8L-08), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2023CDJXY-032).
References
AISC (American Institute of Steel Construction). 2022. Specification for structural steel buildings. ANSI/AISC 360-22. Chicago: AISC.
AWS (American Welding Society). 2015. Specification for low-alloy steel electrodes and rods for gas shielded arc welding. AWS A5.28/A5.28M-2005(R2015). Miami: AWS.
Barth, K. E., D. W. White, and B. M. Bobb. 2000. “Negative bending resistance of HPS70W girders.” J. Construct. Steel Res. 53 (1): 1–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(99)00037-1.
CEN (European Committee for Standardization). 2005. Eurocode 3: Design of steel structures–Part 1–1: General rules and rules for buildings. EN 1993-1-1. Brussels Belgium: CEN.
Duan, L., Y. M. Tang, and C. S. Wang, and J. M. Wang. 2012. “Flexural behaviour test of high strength steel I beam.” [In Chinese.] J. Chang’an Univ. 32 (6): 52–58. https://doi.org/10.19721/j.cnki.1671-8879.2012.06.009.
Duan, L., L. Zhang, C. S. Wang, and L. Zheng. 2014. “Bending behaviour test of hybrid high performance steel beam.” [In Chinese.] J. Traff. Transp. Eng. 14 (5): 19–28. https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1671-1637.2014.05.003.
Emad, S. S. 2004. “Flexural strength and ductility of highway bridge I-girders fabricated from HPS-100W steel.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. thesis, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Lehigh Univ.
Frost, R. W., and C. G. Schilling. 1964. “Behavior of hybrid beams subjected to static loads.” J. Struct. Div. 90 (3): 55–88. https://doi.org/10.1061/JSDEAG.0001109.
Greco, N., and C. J. Earls. 2003. “Structural ductility in hybrid high performance steel beams.” J. Struct. Eng. 129 (12): 1584–1595. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9445(2003)129:12(1584).
Han, Q. 2019. “Investigation on bending resistance and ductility of Q690 high strength steel welded H-section beam.” [In Chinese.] M.D. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Univ.
Li, T. 2007. “Research on flexural behaviour of hybrid HPS girders.” [In Chinese.] M.D. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong Univ.
Lou, T. H., and C. Wu. 2011. “Research on the ultimate bearing capacity of composite steel beams.” [In Chinese.] J. Beijing Uni. Tech. 37 (6): 841–851.
MCPRC (Ministry of Construction of the People’s Republic of China). 2001. Standard for acceptance of construction quality of steel structures. [in Chinese]. GB 50205-2001. Beijing: MCPRC.
MHURDPRC (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of People’s Republic of China). 2003. Code for design of steel structures. [In Chinese]. GB 50017-2003. Beijing: MHURDPRC.
MHURDPRC (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of People’s Republic of China). 2010. Metallic materials—Tensile testing—Part 1: Method of test at room temperature. [In Chinese.] GB/T 228.1-2010. Beijing: MHURDPRC.
MHURDPRC (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of People’s Republic of China). 2017. Code for design of steel structures. [In Chinese.] GB 50017-2017. Beijing: MHURDPRC.
MHURDPRC (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of People’s Republic of China). 2018a. High strength low alloy structural steels. [In Chinese]. GB/T 1591-2018. Beijing: MHURDPRC.
MHURDPRC (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of People’s Republic of China). 2018b. Steel and steel products—Location and preparation of samples and test pieces for mechanical testing. [In Chinese]. GB/T 2975-2018. Beijing: MHURDPRC.
SAMR (State Administration for Market Regulatory). 2016. Wire electrodes and weld deposits for gas shielded metal arc welding of non alloy and fine grain steels. [In Chinese.] GB/T 8110-2016. Beijing: SAMR.
Shokouhian, M. 2014. “Investigation of ductility and section resistance in hybrid flexural members with Q460 high strength steel.” Ph.D. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua Univ.
Shokouhian, M., and Y. Shi. 2014a. “Classification of I-section flexural members based on member ductility.” J. Construct. Steel Res. 95 (Apr): 198–210. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2013.12.004.
Shokouhian, M., and Y. Shi. 2014b. “Investigation of ductility in hybrid and high strength steel beams.” Int. J. Steel Struct. 14 (2): 265–279. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13296-014-2007-z.
Shokouhian, M., and Y. Shi. 2015. “Flexural strength of hybrid steel I-beams based on slenderness.” Eng. Struct. 93 (Jun): 114–128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2015.03.029.
Veljkovic, M., and B. Johansson. 2004. “Design of hybrid steel girders.” J. Constr. Steel Res. 60 (3/5): 535–547. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0143-974X(03)00128-7.
Wang, C. S., L. Duan, J. M. Wang, and L. Zheng. 2012. “Bending behaviour and ductility test of high performance steel beam based on hybrid design.” [In Chinese.] China J. Highw. Trans. 25 (2): 81–89. https://doi.org/10.19721/j.cnki.1001-7372.2012.02.012.
Wang, J., J. Di, Q. Zhang, and F. Qin. 2021. “Overall buckling behaviour of Q420–Q960 steel welded H-section axial compression members.” Eng. Struct. 249 (Mar): 113340. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2021.113340.
Wang, P. F. 2010. “Study on mechanical behaviour of hybrid girders with monosymmetric I-section.” [In Chinese.] M.Eng. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Qingdao Univ. of Technology.
Wang, S. B. 2016. “Experimental and design parameter studies on lateral torsional buckling behaviour of welded Q460GJ structural steel H-shaped section beams.” [In Chinese.] M.Eng. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Univ.
Xu, K. L. 2017. “Local buckling behaviour and design method of high strength steel welded I-section beams.” [In Chinese.] Ph.D. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua Univ.
Zhu, X. 2015. “Research on design indexes of high-strength structural steels.” [In Chinese.] M.D. thesis, School of Civil Engineering, Tsinghua Univ.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 150 • Issue 6 • June 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 20, 2023
Accepted: Jan 22, 2024
Published online: Mar 30, 2024
Published in print: Jun 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Aug 30, 2024
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.