Abstract
Functional recovery is a new, nonstandardized building design objective, intended to improve a building’s capacity to maintain or rapidly restore basic intended functions after a natural hazard event. Current building seismic design standards, which target life-safety performance objectives, provide limited requirements to ensure buildings maintain, or rapidly recover, function after earthquakes. Therefore, the expected functional recovery performance that is provided by current building codes is unclear. To provide clear and systematic insights to inform the development of prescriptive and performance-based design standards, this study documents the functional recovery performance for a set of 60 reinforced concrete archetype buildings. The results indicate that the estimated functional recovery time for reinforced concrete buildings designed to life-safety standards may approach 1 year, on average, for design-level earthquakes. Additionally, while increased strength and stiffness requirements significantly reduce the likelihood of a building being marked as unsafe due to structural damage, additional design provisions for nonstructural components are required to ensure a high confidence of rapid recovery. The findings from this study clarify the expected post-earthquake recovery of modern reinforced concrete buildings and identify key trends in underlying damage and response mechanisms required to improve future building performance.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code generated or used during the study are available in a repository online (Cook 2023) in accordance with funder data retention policies. Additional data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. A computational implementation of the functional recovery assessment method used in this study is currently available in a public repository, hosted on GitHub (Cook 2022); the assessments performed in this study are based on v1.1.5 of the code.
Acknowledgments
Financial support for this work was provided by the US Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology under the Financial Assistance Award No. #70NANB19H058. This financial support is gratefully acknowledged. The views expressed are those of the authors and may not represent the official position of the National Institute of Standards and Technology or the US Department of Commerce. Certain commercial software may have been used in the preparation of information contributing to this paper. Identification in this paper is not intended to imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST, nor is it intended to imply that such software is necessarily the best available for the purpose. It is NIST policy to employ the International System of Units (metric units) in all of its publications. However, in the North American construction and building materials industries, certain non-SI units are used; therefore measurement values using both SI and customary units are included in this publication.
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Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 150 • Issue 9 • September 2024
Copyright
© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jun 22, 2023
Accepted: Mar 29, 2024
Published online: Jul 5, 2024
Published in print: Sep 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Dec 5, 2024
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Architectural engineering
- Architecture
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- Business management
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