Effects of Roof Shape and Roof Pitch on Extreme Wind Fragility for Roof Sheathing
Publication: Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 149, Issue 7
Abstract
Wind fragility curves for roof sheathing were developed for single-family building models to investigate the effects of roof shape and roof pitch on the wind performance of roof sheathing. For gable roofs, it was found that more complex roof shapes are more likely to suffer roof sheathing damage when subjected to high winds. The probability of no roof sheathing failure can be up to 36% higher for a simple gable roof than for a complex gable roof. For hip roofs with different configurations, variation in roof shape has minimal effect on roof sheathing fragility. Roof pitch effects were also evaluated for 10 pitch angles, ranging from 14° to 45°. Results suggest that for roof pitches smaller than 27°, the effects of this angle are more substantial on the performance of gable roofs than on hip roofs. For gable roofs, the probability of no roof sheathing failure can be up to 23% higher for a 23° roof pitch than that for an 18° roof pitch. Furthermore, the inclusion of complex roof shapes in a regional hurricane loss model for New Hanover County, North Carolina, accounted for a 44% increase in estimated annual expected losses from roof sheathing damages compared to a scenario in which all roofs are assumed to have rectangular roof shapes. Therefore, to avoid an underestimation of roof damages due to high-wind impact, the inclusion of complex roof geometries in hurricane loss modeling is strongly recommended.
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Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request. Some or all data, models, or code used during the study were provided by a third party. Direct requests for these materials may be made to the provider as indicated in the Acknowledgments.
Acknowledgments
We are grateful for financial support from the National Science Foundation (NSF) (Awards 1830511 and 2209190). Some of the building metadata used in this study were provided by Zillow through the Zillow Transaction and Assessment Dataset (ZTRAX). More information on accessing the data can be found at http://www.zillow.com/ztrax. The results and opinions are those of the authors and do not reflect the position of NSF or the Zillow Group.
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Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Structural Engineering
Volume 149 • Issue 7 • July 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Jul 7, 2022
Accepted: Mar 1, 2023
Published online: May 12, 2023
Published in print: Jul 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Oct 12, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Analysis (by type)
- Curvature
- Disaster risk management
- Disasters and hazards
- Engineering fundamentals
- Failure analysis
- Failures (by type)
- Forensic engineering
- Geometry
- Hurricanes, typhoons, and cyclones
- Man-made disasters
- Mathematics
- Natural disasters
- Probability
- Roof failures
- Roofs
- Structural engineering
- Structural failures
- Structural systems
- Wind engineering
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