Pump Drainage in Carolina Bays

Small submersible electric pumps were used in conjunction with tile and surface-drainage systems for removing excess water from saucerlike basins at a reasonable cost. Only 0.67 in. (17 mm) of water per year was removed by the surface-drainage whereas 3.46 in (88 mm) were removed by the tile-drainage system. The water table was controlled below the rooting depth by both drainage systems, whereas water was ponded on the surface several times each year where no drainage system was provided. The bays drained by pump-assisted tile or surface-drainage systems were productive all year, while the lower portions of the undrained bays were nonproductive. The choice of drainage in Carolina bays should be based on the comparative installation cost of the two systems, anticipated additional income resulting from drainage, and the ability of the operator.