Study of the Mixing between Asphalt and Rejuvenator in Hot In-Place Recycled Layer
Publication: Journal of Transportation Engineering, Part B: Pavements
Volume 149, Issue 2
Abstract
Ideal mixing between the asphalt and rejuvenator is the key to ensure the performance of the recycled asphalt mixture in hot in-place recycling. In this paper, the undetermined temperature and thermal parameters in the finite-element (FE) model of pavement were back calculated by the backward method of regression. The temperature field of the recycled asphalt layer after paving was obtained by FE simulation, and was applied to set the temperature in the subsequent molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Molecular models of virgin asphalt, aged asphalt, and the representative rejuvenator components were applied to establish a three-layer model. New indicators were defined to analyze the interdiffusion between the virgin asphalt, aged asphalt, and rejuvenator, and the microstructure, interdiffusion, and interaction states between the asphalt and rejuvenator in the asphalt miscibility zone were analyzed. Results show that the parameter transferring from the macro FE simulated temperature field to the micro temperature setting of MD model is feasible. There is an obvious difference between the temperature fields on the surface and the inside hot in-place recycled asphalt layer during the cooling process, which causes different interaction and interdiffusion states between the asphalt and rejuvenator as well as the uneven performance of the recycled asphalt mixture. The effects of chain and aromatic rejuvenator on different interdiffusion and interaction indicators are different, so the combination of the two could have a better rejuvenation effect. The results can offer reference in aspects including prescreening the recycling temperature, the proportion of rejuvenator, virgin asphalt and aged asphalt, the rejuvenator component composition, and other parameters in hot in-place recycling.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
All data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51808116), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20180404), and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Grant No. 2242021R41132).
References
Ali, H., and K. Grzybowski. 2012. “Life cycle of hot in-place pavement recycling: Case study.” Transp. Res. Rec. 2292 (1): 29–35. https://doi.org/10.3141/2292-04.
Chang, C., Y. Chang, and J. Chen. 2009. “Effect of mixture characteristics on cooling rate of asphalt pavements.” J. Transp. Eng. 135 (5): 297–304. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)TE.1943-5436.0000004.
Chen, Z., J. Pei, L. Rui, and F. Xiao. 2018. “Performance characteristics of asphalt materials based on molecular dynamics simulation—A review.” Constr. Build. Mater. 189 (Nov): 695–710. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.09.038.
Ding, X., L. Chen, T. Ma, H. Ma, L. Gu, T. Chen, and Y. Ma. 2019. “Laboratory investigation of the recycled asphalt concrete with stable crumb rubber asphalt.” Constr. Build. Mater. 203 (Apr): 552–557. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.01.114.
Ding, Y., B. Huang, X. Shu, Y. Zhang, and M. Woods. 2016. “Use of molecular dynamics to investigate diffusion between virgin and aged asphalts.” Fuel 174 (Nov): 267–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.02.022.
Du, Y., J. Wang, and J. Chen. 2021. “Cooling asphalt pavement by increasing thermal conductivity of steel fiber asphalt mixture.” Sol. Energy 217 (3): 308–316. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.solener.2021.02.030.
Fallah, F., F. Khabaz, Y. Kim, S. Kommidi, and H. Haghshenas. 2019. “Molecular dynamics modeling and simulation of bituminous binder chemical aging due to variation of oxidation level and saturate-aromatic resin-asphaltene fraction.” Fuel 237 (Feb): 71–80. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2018.09.110.
Farooq, M., M. Mir, and A. Sharma. 2018. “Laboratory study on use of RAP in WMA pavements using rejuvenator.” Constr. Build. Mater. 168 (Apr): 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.02.079.
Gao, L., et al. 2021. “Cooling performance and thermal radiation model of asphalt mixture with modified infrared powder.” Materials 14 (2): 245. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14020245.
Hendel, M., M. Colombert, Y. Diab, and L. Royon. 2015. “An analysis of pavement heat flux to optimize the water efficiency of a pavement-watering method.” Appl. Therm. Eng. 78 (Mar) 658–669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.11.060.
Huang, K., T. Xu, G. Li, and R. Jiang. 2016. “Heating effects of asphalt pavement during hot in-place recycling using DEM.” Constr. Build. Mater. 115 (Jul): 62–69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.04.033.
Islam, M., and R. Tarefder. 2014. “Determining thermal properties of asphalt concrete using field data and laboratory testing.” Constr. Build. Mater. 67 (Sep): 297–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.03.040.
Kang, H., Y. Zheng, Y. Cao, and Y. Liu. 2007. “Regression analysis of actual measurement of temperature field distribution rules of asphalt pavement.” China J. Highway Transp. 20 (6): 13–18. https://doi.org/10.3321/j.issn:1001-7372.2007.06.003.
Karlsson, R., and U. Bagampadde. 2007. “Laboratory studies on stripping at bitumen/substrate interfaces using FTIR-ATR.” J. Mater. Sci. 42 (9): 3197–3206. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-006-0181-x.
Li, Y., L. Liu, and L. Sun. 2020. “Temperature field prediction model for thick asphalt layer.” J. Tongji Univ. 48 (3): 377–382. https://doi.org/CNKI:SUN:TJDZ.0.2020-03-007.
Ma, T., X. Huang, Y. Zhao, and Y. Zhang. 2015. “Evaluation of the diffusion and distribution of the rejuvenator for hot asphalt recycling.” Constr. Build. Mater. 98 (Jun): 530–536. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.08.135.
Ma, T., D. Zhang, Y. Zhang, S. Wang, and X. Huang. 2018. “Simulation of wheel tracking test for asphalt mixture using discrete element modelling.” Road Mater. Pavement Des. 19 (2): 367–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2016.1261725.
Ma, T., J. Zhu, J. Fan, Z. Fang, T. Chen, and Y. Zhou. 2020. “Experimental study of high modulus asphalt mixture containing reclaimed asphalt pavement.” J. Cleaner Prod. 263 (Aug): 121447. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.121447.
Mirzanamadi, R., P. Johansson, and S. Grammatikos. 2018. “Thermal properties of asphalt concrete: A numerical and experimental study.” Constr. Build. Mater. 158 (Jan): 774–785. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.10.068.
MOT (Ministry of Transport of the People’s Republic of China). 2019. Technical specifications for highway asphalt pavement recycling. JTG/T 5521-2019. Beijing: China Communications Press.
Pan, Y., D. Han, T. Yang, D. Tang, and Y. Zhao. 2021. “Field observations and laboratory evaluations of asphalt pavement maintenance using hot in-place recycling.” Constr. Build. Mater. 271 (Feb): 121864. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.121864.
Roback, P., and J. Legler. 2020. Beyond multiple linear regression: Applied generalized linear models and multilevel models in R. 1st ed. London: CRC Press.
Stanford, S., M. Fazle, and L. Glulio. 2017. “Casson fluid flow: Free convective heat and mass transfer over an unsteady permeable stretching surface considering viscous dissipation.” J. Eng. Thermophys. 26 (Feb): 39–52. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1810232817010052.
Sun, D., X. Zhu, G. Sun, F. Ye, and J. Xu. 2018. “Intrinsic temperature sensitive self-healing character of asphalts based on molecular dynamics simulations.” Fuel 211 (Jan): 609–620. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.09.089.
Sun, W., and H. Wang. 2019. “Molecular dynamics simulation of diffusion coefficients between different types of rejuvenator and aged asphalt.” Int. J. Pavement Eng. 21 (8): 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2019.1650927.
Xu, G., and H. Wang. 2016. “Study of cohesion and adhesion properties of asphalt concrete with molecular dynamics simulation.” Comput. Mater. Sci. 112 (Feb): 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.10.024.
Xu, M., and Y. Zhang. 2020. “Study of rejuvenators dynamic diffusion behavior into aged asphalt and its effects.” Constr. Build. Mater. 261 (Nov): 120673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120673.
Xu, X., H. Gu, Q. Dong, J. Li, S. Jiao, and J. Ren. 2018. “Quick heating method of asphalt pavement in hot in-place recycling.” Constr. Build. Mater. 178 (Jul): 211–218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.091.
Yu, B., Q. Liu, X. Tian, L. Zhou, and M. Lin. 2017. “Empirical performance models of hot in-place recycling of asphalt pavements.” Int. J. Pavement Eng. 18 (12): 1081–1088. https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2016.1149835.
Zhang, L., and M. Greenfield. 2007. “Relaxation time, diffusion, and viscosity analysis of model asphalt systems using molecular simulation.” J. Chem. Phys. 127 (19): 194502. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2799189.
Zhao, M., F. Shen, and Q. Ding. 2018. “Micromechanism of the dispersion behavior of polymer-modified rejuvenators in aged asphalt material.” Appl. Sci. 8 (9): 1591. https://doi.org/10.3390/app8091591.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Aug 8, 2021
Accepted: Dec 29, 2022
Published online: Feb 21, 2023
Published in print: Jun 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Jul 21, 2023
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.
Cited by
- Teng Wang, Xin Zhao, Lele Zheng, Chengxin Mao, Li Wang, Augusto Cannone Falchetto, Dedong Guo, Hot In-Place Recycled Asphalt Mixtures: RAP Analysis, Compaction Characteristics and Field Evaluation, Sustainability, 10.3390/su16031064, 16, 3, (1064), (2024).
- Xinqiang Zhang, Boming Tang, Xiaoyu Yang, Jue Li, Xuejuan Cao, Hongzhou Zhu, Risk assessment of volatile organic compounds from aged asphalt: Implications for environment and human health, Journal of Cleaner Production, 10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141001, 440, (141001), (2024).
- Yanhua Xue, Chaochao Liu, Qijia Shi, Zihao Ju, Guopeng Fan, Chen Zhang, Songtao Lv, Road performance and mechanism of Hot in-place recycling asphalt mixture modified by direct-to-plant SBS, Construction and Building Materials, 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2024.135122, 416, (135122), (2024).