Preparation of Chitosan-Carbon Nanotubes Decorated with ZnO@laccase: Application in the Removal of Bisphenol A from Aqueous Solution
Publication: Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 149, Issue 2
Abstract
Bioremediation with immobilized enzymes has been established as the method for restoring contaminated ecosystems with the help of biological tools on a global scale. The purpose of this work is to immobilize the laccase enzyme for increasing the biocatalyst′s ability in order to remove bisphenol A (BPA). Initially, the nanocatalyst was prepared by immobilizing laccase on chitosan using carbon nanotubes decorated with zinc oxide. Subsequently, Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and dot mapping were employed to characterize the prepared nanocomposites. Laccase activity, immobilization yield (%), thermal and storage stability, and reusability of laccase immobilized on chitosan-coated carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/ZnO nanocomposites were also measured. The chitosan (CS)-CNTs/ZnO@laccase nanocatalyst performance in different operational conditions (initial concentrations of bisphenol A, amount of nanobiocatalyst, pH, and irradiation time) on the photodegradation process of bisphenol A were also investigated and optimized using the response surface methodology (RSM)-central composite design (CCD) model. The RSM design and experiments demonstrated that 94.51% of BPA was removed under optimal conditions (initial BPA concentration of , nanocatalyst amount of , , and 40 min of contact exposure). Laccase was a critical factor in this process, and after five recycling cycles, immobilized laccase retained 61% of its original activity, indicating that this nanobiocatalyst can be used in purification processes as a durable and robust catalyst.
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Data Availability Statement
All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
This study was extracted from thesis of Ms. Shabnam Maali Ahari. The authors would like to express their gratitude to Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University for the support of this research. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
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Published In
Journal of Environmental Engineering
Volume 149 • Issue 2 • February 2023
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© 2022 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 23, 2022
Accepted: Sep 10, 2022
Published online: Nov 22, 2022
Published in print: Feb 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Apr 22, 2023
ASCE Technical Topics:
- Biological processes
- Carbon fibers
- Chemical processes
- Chemistry
- Composite materials
- Electric power
- Energy engineering
- Engineering fundamentals
- Engineering materials (by type)
- Environmental engineering
- Enzymes
- Fibers
- Material mechanics
- Materials engineering
- Models (by type)
- Nanomechanics
- Optimization models
- Power transmission
- Radiation
- Structural engineering
- Structural members
- Structural systems
- Tubes (structure)
- Waste management
- X rays
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