Mechanical, Rheological, and Microstructural Study of Ternary Alkali-Activated Pastes Using BOF Slag, Metakaolin, and Glass Powder as Precursors
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36, Issue 6
Abstract
The study of alkali-activated materials as a replacement for portland cement has been growing in recent years due to the sustainable nature of these materials. Nevertheless, ternary alkali-activated pastes using waste glass as a precursor have been insufficiently studied concerning their rheological, mechanical, and microstructural properties. In addition, there is a lack of research studying alkali-activated mixtures using basic oxygen furnace (BOF) slag and glass waste as precursors. Therefore, this paper aims to study the effect of glass powder (GP) content as a precursor, the effect of the activator ratio in alkali-activated ternary pastes of BOF slag, metakaolin (MK), and GP, and the influence of the ratio on its mixtures. The activator solutions of NaOH and were used in the production of the pastes. The liquid/solid ratio was kept fixed at 0.6 and the molarity of the NaOH solution was fixed at 12 M, seeking to analyze the impact of the ratio, with adopted values of 0.75, 1.5, and 2.5. We also aimed to study the impact of the glass content in the mixture for the values of 10%, 20%, and 25%, replacing the BOF slag. The workability by the minislump test, rheology, compressive strength for 1 and 28 days, and microstructural parameters were analyzed. ANOVA was performed to determine the significance of variables in the workability and compressive strength parameters. Pastes with the highest activator ratio () produced better compressive strength (34.74 to 36.11 MPa) and lower minislump spreads (90 to 98 mm) compared with the mixtures with and 0.75, besides indicating a denser microstructure, linked to higher production of aluminosilicate gels. Higher GP contents generated pastes with lower mechanical performance (16.7 MPa for ) and microstructural qualities, albeit with better workability (124-mm minislump spread).
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Data Availability Statement
No data, models, or code were generated or used during the study.
Acknowledgments
The authors acknowledge the support of companies Eco-Vidro Engineering and Pecém Steel Company (CSP) for providing the necessary materials for this study. The research was partially funded by the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq). The authors also extend their appreciation to the Federal University of Ceará and the Laboratory of Building Materials for their support.
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Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36 • Issue 6 • June 2024
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© 2024 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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Received: Jun 16, 2023
Accepted: Nov 20, 2023
Published online: Mar 23, 2024
Published in print: Jun 1, 2024
Discussion open until: Aug 23, 2024
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