Physical Investigation of Polymer Nanocomposite-Modified Bitumens Containing Halloysite Nanotube and Sepiolite Nanoclay
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36, Issue 3
Abstract
In this study, nanocomposite-modified bitumens were prepared and mechanically tested as an alternative to polymer-modified binder. Halloysite nanotube and sepiolite nanoclay were employed along with some polymers to form nanocomposites through the melt intercalation method. The storage stability of the nanocomposite-modified bitumens was tested to evaluate the compatibility. Conventional tests were conducted to compare the physical changes after nanocomposite modification. The viscosity of the nanocomposite-modified binders was determined using a rotational viscometer. Finally, the high- and low-temperature performance grades were evaluated using a rheological testing program. The results showed that the compatibility of the nanocomposites was within acceptable limits, while certain nanocomposite types significantly increased the stiffness of bitumen compared to polymer modifiers alone, resulting in an improvement in the physical performance of bitumen.
Get full access to this article
View all available purchase options and get full access to this article.
Data Availability Statement
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by funding from the Ege University, Scientific Research Project Unit, (Izmir, Turkey), Project No. FGA-2020-21935. The authors would like to thank the Ege University, Scientific Research Project Unit for the support of this work.
References
Ahmedzade, P. 2013. “The investigation and comparison effects of SBS and SBS with new reactive terpolymer on the rheological properties of bitumen.” Constr. Build. Mater. 38 (Jan): 285–291. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2012.07.090.
Anderson, R. M., G. N. King, D. I. Hanson, and P. B. Blankenship. 2011. “Evaluation of the relationship between asphalt binder properties and non-load related cracking.” In Vol. 80 of Proc., Asphalt Paving Technology 2011. Lino Lakes, MN: Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists.
ASTM. 2012. Standard test method for effect of heat and air on a moving film of asphalt (rolling thin-film oven test). ASTM D2872-12. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2013. Standard test method for penetration of bituminous materials. ASTM D5-13. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2014. Standard test method for softening point of bitumen (ring-and-ball apparatus). ASTM D36-14. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2015. Standard test method for viscosity determination of asphalt at elevated temperatures using a rotational viscometer. ASTM D4402-15. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2017. Standard test method for determining the rheological properties of asphalt binder using a dynamic shear rheometer. ASTM D7175-15. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
ASTM. 2022. Standard practice for accelerated aging of asphalt binder using a pressurized aging vessel (pav). ASTM D6521-22. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM.
Baditha, A. K., A. R. Muppireddy, and S. R. Kusam. 2022. “A study on chemical composition, colloidal stability, and rheological properties of ethylene vinyl acetate–modified binders.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 34 (12): 04022353. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004505.
Bahia, H. U., and D. A. Anderson. 1995. “of the bending beam rheometer; basics and critical evaluation.” Phys. Prop. Asphalt Cem. Binders 1241 (1): 28.
BIS (British Standards Institution). 2010. Bitumen and bituminous binders—Specification framework for polymer modified bitumens. European Standard BS EN 14023:2010. London: BIS.
Caputo, P., M. Porto, R. Angelico, V. Loise, P. Calandra, and C. O. Rossi. 2020. “Bitumen and asphalt concrete modified by nanometer-sized particles: Basic concepts, the state of the art and future perspectives of the nanoscale approach.” Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 285 (Jun): 102283. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cis.2020.102283.
Cuciniello, G., P. Leandri, G. Polacco, G. Airey, and M. Losa. 2020. “Applicability of time-temperature superposition for laboratory-aged neat and sbs-modified bitumens.” Constr. Build. Mater. 263 (12): 120964. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120964.
Di, H., H. Zhang, E. Yang, H. Ding, H. Liu, B. Huang, and Y. Qiu. 2023. “Usage of nano-tio 2 or nano-zno in asphalt to resist aging by NMR spectroscopy and rheology technology.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 35 (1): 04022391. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004570.
European Committee for Standardization. 2017. Bitumen and bituminous binders—Determination of storage stability of modified bitumen. Rep. No. EN 13399:2017. Newark, DE: CEN.
Farahani, H., M. Palassi, and S. Galooyak. 2018. “Rheology investigation of waste ldpe and crumb rubber modified bitumen.” Eng. Solid Mech. 6 (1): 27–38. https://doi.org/10.5267/j.esm.2017.11.002.
Farias, L. G. A., J. L. Leitinho, B. D. C. Amoni, J. B. Bastos, J. B. Soares, S. D A. Soares, and H. B. de Sant’Ana. 2016. “Effects of nanoclay and nanocomposites on bitumen rheological properties.” Constr. Build. Mater. 125 (Apr): 873–883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2016.08.127.
Filippi, S., M. Cappello, M. Merce, and G. Polacco. 2018. “Effect of nanoadditives on bitumen aging resistance: A critical review.” J. Nanomater. 2018 (1): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2469307.
Galooyak, S. S., B. Dabir, A. E. Nazarbeygi, and A. Moeini. 2010. “Rheological properties and storage stability of bitumen/sbs/montmorillonite composites.” Constr. Build. Mater. 24 (3): 300–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.08.032.
Ghuzlan, K. A., G. G. Al-Khateeb, and Y. Qasem. 2013. “Rheological properties of polyethylene-modified asphalt binder.” Athens J. Technol. Eng. 10 (2013): 1–14.
Golestani, B., B. H. Nam, F. M. Nejad, and S. Fallah. 2015. “Nanoclay application to asphalt concrete: Characterization of polymer and linear nanocomposite-modified asphalt binder and mixture.” Constr. Build. Mater. 91 (Mar): 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.05.019.
Günay, T., and P. Ahmedzade. 2020. “Physical and rheological properties of nano-tio2 and nanocomposite modified bitumens.” Constr. Build. Mater. 243 (May): 118208. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.118208.
Ishaq, M. A., L. Venturini, and F. Giustozzi. 2022. “Correlation between rheological rutting tests on bitumen and asphalt mix flow number.” Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol. 15 (6): 1297–1316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42947-021-00089-z.
Jahromi, S. G., and A. Khodaii. 2009. “Effects of nanoclay on rheological properties of bitumen binder.” Constr. Build. Mater. 23 (8): 2894–2904. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.02.027.
Joohari, I. B., and F. Giustozzi. 2020. “Effect of different vinyl-acetate contents in hybrid sbs-eva modified bitumen.” Constr. Build. Mater. 262 (Nov): 120574. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120574.
Kamboozia, N., S. Mousavi Rad, and S. A. Saed. 2022. “Laboratory investigation of the effect of nano-zno on the fracture and rutting resistance of porous asphalt mixture under the aging condition and freeze–thaw cycle.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 34 (5): 04022052. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0004187.
Kandhal, P. S., and K. Y. Foo. 1997. “Designing recycled hot mix asphalt mixtures using superpave technology.” ASTM Spec. Tech. Publ. 1322 (1): 101–117.
Kavussi, A., and P. Barghabany. 2016. “Investigating fatigue behavior of nanoclay and nano hydrated lime modified bitumen using las test.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 28 (3): 04015136. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0001376.
Kumar, N., and S. Kumbhat. 2016. Essentials in nanoscience and nanotechnology. New York: Wiley.
Laukkanen, O.-V., H. Soenen, H. H. Winter, and J. Seppälä. 2018. “Low-temperature rheological and morphological characterization of SBS modified bitumen.” Constr. Build. Mater. 179 (Jun): 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.160.
Lee, H. M., B. J. Park, H. J. Choi, R. K. Gupta, and S. N. Bhattachary. 2007. “Preparation and rheological characteristics of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer/organoclay nanocomposites.” J. Macromol. Sci. Part B Phys. 46 (2): 261–273. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222340601066956.
Liu, G., S. Wu, M. van de Ven, J. Yu, and A. Molenaar. 2013. “Structure and artificial ageing behavior of organo montmorillonite bitumen nanocomposites.” Appl. Clay Sci. 72 (Feb): 49–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2013.01.013.
Liu, X., X. Zou, X. Yang, and Z. Zhang. 2018. “Effect of material composition on antistripping performance of sbs modified asphalt mixture under dry and wet conditions.” J. Adhes. Sci. Technol. 32 (14): 1503–1516. https://doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2018.1426973.
Mahali, I., and U. C. Sahoo. 2019. “Rheological characterization of nanocomposite modified asphalt binder.” Int. J. Pavement Res. Technol. 12 (Jun): 589–594. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42947-019-0070-8.
Mortezaei, M., S. Shabani, and S. Mohammadian-Gerzaz. 2020. “Assessing the effects of premixing on the rheological properties for three-phases asphalt binder nano-composite including clay and sbs.” Constr. Build. Mater. 231 (15): 117151. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2019.117151.
Nazir, P., R. Choudhary, A. Kumar, and A. Kumar. 2022. “Characterization of nano-alumina modified asphalt binders and mixtures.” In Proc., 5th Int. Conf. of Transportation Research Group of India: 5th CTRG Volume 1, 275–287. Berlin: Springer.
Panda, M., and M. Mazumdar. 1999. “Engineering properties of eva-modified bitumen binder for paving mixes.” J. Mater. Civ. Eng. 11 (2): 131–137. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1999)11:2(131).
Porto, M., P. Caputo, V. Loise, S. Eskandarsefat, B. Teltayev, and C. Oliviero Rossi. 2019. “Bitumen and bitumen modification: A review on latest advances.” Appl. Sci. 9 (4): 742. https://doi.org/10.3390/app9040742.
Read, J., D. Whiteoak, and R. N. Hunter. 2003. The shell bitumen handbook. New York: Thomas Telford.
Shi, H., T. Xu, P. Zhou, and R. Jiang. 2017. “Combustion properties of saturates, aromatics, resins, and asphaltenes in asphalt binder.” Constr. Build. Mater. 136 (Apr): 515–523. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.064.
Sienkiewicz, M., K. Borzędowska-Labuda, A. Wojtkiewicz, and H. Janik. 2017. “Development of methods improving storage stability of bitumen modified with ground tire rubber: A review.” Fuel Process. Technol. 159 (Apr): 272–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2017.01.049.
Srivastava, N., M. Srivastava, P. Mishra, and V. K. Gupta. 2020. Green synthesis of nanomaterials for bioenergy applications. New York: Wiley.
Uncu, D. 2017. Polimer modifiye bitüm özelliklerinin nanomalzemeler kullanılarak iyileştirilmesi. Buca, Turkey: Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü.
Wu, W., R. Tang, Q. Li, and Z. Li. 2015. “Functional hyperbranched polymers with advanced optical, electrical and magnetic properties.” Chem. Soc. Rev. 44 (12): 3997–4022. https://doi.org/10.1039/C4CS00224E.
Xia, T., J. Xu, T. Huang, J. He, Y. Zhang, J. Guo, and Y. Li. 2016. “Viscoelastic phase behavior in sbs modified bitumen studied by morphology evolution and viscoelasticity change.” Constr. Build. Mater. 105 (Aug): 589–594. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2015.11.033.
Yan, T., E. Mariette, M. Turos, and M. Marasteanu. 2023. “Evaluation of physical hardening and oxidative aging effects on delta TC of asphalt binders.” Road Mater. Pavement Des. 24 (1): 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/14680629.2023.2189606.
Yaro, N. S. A., M. B. Napiah, M. H. Sutanto, A. Usman, and S. M. Saeed. 2021. “Modeling and optimization of mixing parameters using response surface methodology and characterization of palm oil clinker fine modified bitumen.” Constr. Build. Mater. 298 (Jun): 123849. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2021.123849.
Yusoff, N. I. M., M. T. Shaw, and G. D. Airey. 2011. “Modelling the linear viscoelastic rheological properties of bituminous binders.” Constr. Build. Mater. 25 (5): 2171–2189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.11.086.
Zare-Shahabadi, A., A. Shokuhfar, and S. Ebrahimi-Nejad. 2010. “Preparation and rheological characterization of asphalt binders reinforced with layered silicate nanoparticles.” Constr. Build. Mater. 24 (7): 1239–1244. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2009.12.013.
Information & Authors
Information
Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 36 • Issue 3 • March 2024
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Feb 21, 2023
Accepted: Aug 30, 2023
Published online: Dec 29, 2023
Published in print: Mar 1, 2024
Discussion open until: May 29, 2024
Authors
Metrics & Citations
Metrics
Citations
Download citation
If you have the appropriate software installed, you can download article citation data to the citation manager of your choice. Simply select your manager software from the list below and click Download.