Evaluation of Early-Age Volume Changes of Shotcrete Using Ring Specimens
Publication: Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35, Issue 11
Abstract
In this study, both free and restrained shrinkage tests were performed to derive the total tensile strain behavior (i.e., creep effect) of wet-mix and dry-mix shotcretes. A simple analysis procedure is presented to quantify the tensile creep properties of shotcrete using results obtained from standard ring tests and mechanical property tests. The results showed that the rings dried along the axial direction had higher total tensile strain properties compared with those dried along the radial direction. The results further showed that coarse aggregate content of shotcrete affects the total tensile strain properties. Similarly, adding silica fume, fly ash, polymer, shrinkage-reducing admixture (SRA), and crack-reducing admixture (CRA) reduces the total tensile strain properties of shotcrete. However, the decrease observed when using SRA and CRA does not increase the risk of early-age cracking because shrinkage is also reduced proportionally. Thus, a higher total tensile strain capacity is only beneficial in reducing cracking if it does not cause a proportional increase in shrinkage. Overall, the analysis indicates that the effect of creep is a crucial factor in the evaluating of the risk and sensitivity to cracking of shotcrete.
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Data Availability Statement
All data and models generated or used during the study appear in the published article.
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the support received from King Shotcrete Solutions and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada through their Collaborative Research and Development program. This project is part of a long-term effort to reduce the cracking potential of concrete and shotcrete repairs and to improve their service life. This work was conducted at CRIB (Centre de recherche sur les infrastructures en béton), Université Laval, and the authors are grateful to Mr. Jean-Daniel Lemay and Mr. Mathieu Thomassin for their outstanding technical contribution.
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Published In
Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
Volume 35 • Issue 11 • November 2023
Copyright
© 2023 American Society of Civil Engineers.
History
Received: Dec 6, 2022
Accepted: Apr 10, 2023
Published online: Aug 29, 2023
Published in print: Nov 1, 2023
Discussion open until: Jan 29, 2024
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